Glycocalyx - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Cell Theory All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. What are the 3 important parameters in microsopy? Magnification, resoultion, and contrast. Cell structure relies on what 4 factors? Matter, energy, organization, and information What are the 2 categories all forms of life based on cell structure? Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. The proetome of a cell determines its ? Structure and function. Prokaryotic cell Reletively simple sturctures without a nucleus, put into either bacte...

MIP 300 Study Guide Questions and Answers Test External function - Answer--Attachment to surfaces -Protection from environment or phage -Horizontal gene transfer -Movement Polysaccharide layers - Answer--Sugars -Capsule -Slime Layer -Glycocalyx Capsule - Answer-well organized layer, not easily removed -Protects against dehydration -Protects against phagocytosis -Allows them to Phagocytosis - Answer-Cell eating - w/o capule cell compliments bind to cell and mark it for dest...

NWHSU Microbiology Midterm Exam Questions And Answers What order of magnitude is the size of a bacterium? 10^-6 or 1-10 micro meters What is the structure and function of glycocalyces, flagella, fimbriae, pili?" Glycocalyces: polysaccharides, or polysaccharides mixed with proteins Flagella: protein Fimbriae: short proteins Pili: protein tubes Which of these structures are known virulence factors? Glycocalyx/capsule Which structures contribute to biofilm formation? Glycocalyx (sl...

FSE-120-0901 Embalming Microbiology Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed What term is used to describe small, circular DNA elements that exist independently from the main chromosome in bacteria? Plasmids How would you describe a microorganism that has its genetic information encased in a protein shell? Virus What do you call bacteria that possess flagella at both ends of their cells? Amphitrichous What are the three common formations of bacterial cells? Pairs, chains, a...

Fungi: 3 major morphological groups CORRECT ANSWER 1. Multicellular filamentous molds -old food/classic fungus 2. Multicellular fruiting body formers -Fruiting bodies = Mushrooms (fungus is in the soil) 3. Yeasts -single celled Unique properties of Fungus: Cell wall CORRECT ANSWER Thematically similar to bacteria & archaea but contain differences eg: -Chitin: protein; insect shells are made of this -Mixed glycans: similar to peptidoglycan but in a dif order Can also secrete gl...

Structural part of the cell wall of most bacteria. Composed of polysaccharide chains containing repeat units of N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, cross-linked by short chains of amino acids. Correct Answer-Peptidoglycan Found only in the outer membrane of gram-negative cells; lipid A is the active component; they are also called endotoxin. Correct Answer-Lipopolysacharides This gelatinous, sticky substance is usually composed of polysaccharides or proteins that surround the out...

Prokaryote Characteristics - - No membrane surrounding their DNA; no nucleus - Lack organelles - internal membrane-bound structures - Small; ~1.0 μm in diameter (RBC ~10 μm) - Simple structure Prokaryote Types - Bacteria & Archaea Prokaryote External Structures (3) - Glycocalyces, Flagella and Fimbrae & Pilli Gycocalyx - "Sugar cage" - Polysaccharides - Capsule & Slime Layer Capsule - Hard glycocalyx with consistent structure around prokaryote

Light microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Limited ability to visualize bacterial components or distinguish between bacteria without doing something extra Electron microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Can view exterior and internal structures, smallest specimens Phase-contrast microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Refracts the light that goes through the specimen; can see detail, live cells Fluorescence microscopy CORRECT ANSWER Use of fluorochromes that emit light of specific wavelengths when excited by light of a diff...

Cell membrane - Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin on EC side Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine on inside Increase in cholesterol => decrease in fluidity/permeability In some cells, covered by carb-rich glycocalyx Receptor-mediated endocytosis => both receptor and ligand get ingested by clathrin-coated vesicle Disorders of transport - CF: defect in CTFR => salty sweat and thick mucus Cystinuria: inability to reabsorb cys in kidneys => kidney stones Hereditar...

Which of these conditions would NOT affect the ability of Streptococcus mutans to attach to teeth? - The absence of Actinomyces, a bacterium that can be part of dental plaque cell wall components - M proteins: mediates attachment and resists phagocytosis (strep. pyogenes) Opa protein: assist attachment and recept mediated endocytosis, inhibs helper t cells (n. gonorrhoeae) Mycolic acid: Waxy, resists digestion (mycobacterium TB) Pathogenicity - The ability to cause disease Virulence - the...