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Katherine Lee 4/25/2024
Unit 2
Development of Money Economies
paper money
increasing credit
"Flying money"
banks
banking houses in Europe
bill of exchange
Transportation
Caravanserai:
series of inns and guest houses
along the most frequent routes
provides safety from bandits
cultural exchange and diffusion
Saddles:
travel more comfortably by camel
transport goods
Effects
New Trading Cities:
Kashgar
strategic location along the Silk Road
provide a stopping place for merchants
built along a river
host highly profitable markets
Samarkand
similar to Kashgar
strategic location
cultural exchange
Increased Demand for Luxury Goods:
Chinese silk and porcelain
increased production of goods
scaled back the production of agriculture
proto-industrialization
producing more goods the
population would consume
sent off to distant markets
invest in the iron and steel industry
Cultural Diffusion:
religion
Islam, Buddhism...
innovation
germs
Bubonic Plague
Causes
Political Stability promotes economic growth
empire expansion
, 11/13/24, 9:44 PM Unit 2
Song dynasty
Abbasid Caliphate
resources away from the
military but to state-building
agriculture innovation --> economic growth
more wealth = greater desire for luxury goods
"peace precedes prosperity"
The MONGOL Empire
Rise of the Mongol Empire
Temujin (Ghengis Khan):
Mongol - pastoral nomads
powerful leader
allied with powerful people
successful military raids
united various Mongol groups in 1206
conquered most of Asia
China
Abbasid Caliphate
died, his successors continued to expand
divided the empire into four khanates
Yuan Dynasty
Golden Horde
Ilkhanate
Chagatai Khanate
Achieved a period of peace in Eurasia:
Pax Mongolia
Mongols adopted the style of
rule with the place they were on
Yuan Dynasty - confusion style rulers
Reasons for Success
Military Organization:
soldiers in large and small groups
efficient to comand
Weapons:
large bow
skillful horse riders
Good Timing:
Song dynasty lost control of the northern territory
Abbasid declining
destruction of Baghdad in 1258
reputation for brutality
Economics
more prosperous
Silk Road:
only the Mongols are in control of the Silk Road
improved the infrastructure where they rule
trade flourish
increased communication
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