Bio 219 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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Course
BIO 219
Institution
BIO 219
Bio 219 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions
Characteristics of E. coli - gram negative
- rod-shaped
- lives in lower gut of warm-blooded animals
- prokaryotic model organism as host for working with recombinant DNA
Gram negative bacteria - external lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer ...
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer - varies between bacteria
- O-antigen stimulates immune response
Operon - system in which contains genes that encode for specific function
- clustered on DNA sequence
- allow protein synthesis is controlled and coordinated with needs of cell
, Bio 219 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions
chDNA - large circular DNA (bacteria)
- contains the lux operon
Restriction Digestion - cut DNA into smaller pieces
- enzymatic reaction via restriction enzymes
- cuts at specific locations on DNA
Plasmids - small circular DNA
- double stranded
- physically separate from chDNA
- carry survival genes - i.e. antibiotic resistance
- replicated autonomously within cell
- can be transferred between cells via transformation, conjugation, transduction
- useful cloning tools
- plasmid vectors are central in chemically induced transformations
Ligation - reaction that ligates, or combines, two different types of DNA together, creating
recombinant DNA (if DNA is different from each other)
, Bio 219 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions
- DNA can either be from the same organism, or different
- enzymatic reaction
Recombinant DNA - forms of DNA from two different sources come together
- i.e. chDNA from A. fischeri and plasmid DNA
Shotgun Cloning - random digestion of large DNA to create small DNA
- ligated into plasmid
- transported to other organisms
- process in which a large piece of DNA is randomly cut into smaller pieces and the gene of
interest is screened for from thousand of clones
Genomic Library - collection of clones DNA fragments from genome, each part
represented in complete library
- can be screened for specific sequence
- i.e. A. fischeri screened for lux operon
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