Nurs 5315 UTA exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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Course
NUR
Institution
NUR
Atrophy
E. Cells decrease in size
P. Still functional
Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood
Pathological: disuse
Hypertrophy
E. Increase in cell size
P. Increased workload
Physiologic: weightlifting
Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN
Hyperplasia
E. Increase in cell number...
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Nurs 5315 UTA exam 1 Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
Atrophy
✓ E. Cells decrease in size
✓ P. Still functional
✓ Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood
✓ Pathological: disuse
Hypertrophy
✓ E. Increase in cell size
✓ P. Increased workload
✓ Physiologic: weightlifting
✓ Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN
Hyperplasia
✓ E. Increase in cell number
✓ P. Increased cellular division
✓ Physiologic: liver regeneration
✓ Pathologic: endometrial- usually r/t hormones
Dysplasia
✓ E. Cells change in size, shape, organization
✓ P. AKA atypical hyperplasia, a disorderly proliferation
✓ Physiologic: N/A
✓ Pathologic: squamous dysplasia of cervix from HPV
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Metaplasia
✓ E. one cell type replaced with another
✓ P. reprogramming of stem cells, reversible
✓ Physiologic: N/A
✓ Pathologic: stratified squamous cells in bronchial lining r/t cigarette smoke
Hypoxia injury
✓ E. inadequate oxygenation of tissues
✓ P. decrease in mitochondrial function, decreased production of ATP increases anaerobic
metabolism. eventual cell death.
✓ C.M. hypoxia, cyanosis, cognitive impairment, lethargy
Free radical and ROS
✓ E. normal byproduct of ATP production, will overwhelm the mitochondria- exhaust
intracellular antioxidants
✓ P. lipid peroxidation, damage proteins, fragment DNA
✓ C.M. development in Alzheimer's, heart disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral
Sclerosis
Ethanol
✓ E. mood altering drug, long term effects on liver and nutritional status
✓ P. metabolized by liver, generates free radicals
✓ C.M. CNS depression, nutrient deficiencies-Mag, Vit B6, thiamine, PO4, inflammation
and fatty infiltration of liver, hepatomegaly, leads to liver failure irreversible
Oncosis
✓ Na and H2O enter cell and cause swelling. Organ increases in weight, becomes distended
and pale. Associated with high fever, hypocalcemia, certain infections
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