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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Exam Questions & Answers Graded A+
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Fredric Wörler - ANSWER-Made an organic chemical in his lab therefore: ORGANIC CHEMICALS CAN BE SYNTHESIZED BY MAN! (in 1812) Organic Chemistry Definition - ANSWER-Chemistry of carbon compounds e.g. gasoline, oils, polymers, plastics, paints... NOT INCLUDING: oxides (CO2, CO), carbonate...

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  • October 17, 2024
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Exam Questions
& Answers Graded A+
Fredric Wörler - ANSWER-Made an organic chemical in his lab therefore:

ORGANIC CHEMICALS CAN BE SYNTHESIZED BY MAN! (in 1812)



Organic Chemistry

Definition - ANSWER-Chemistry of carbon compounds

e.g. gasoline, oils, polymers, plastics, paints...

NOT INCLUDING:

oxides (CO2, CO), carbonates (CO3(2-), HCO3-), salts in general)



Hydrocarbons - ANSWER-Composed of C chains with H



Alkane - ANSWER--Type of hydrocarbon

-single bonds only (sp2, sigma bonds)

-fairly stable

-reactions: combustion, halogenation



Alkene - ANSWER--contains a double bond (sigma + pi)

-lots of reactions due to weak pi bonds



Alkyne - ANSWER--contains a triple bond (sigma + (2)pi bond



Aromatics - ANSWER--contain a benzene ring



Structural Formula - ANSWER-1. No labels (carbons and hydrogens applied)

2. In organic chem, favoured OVER empirical and molecular structures!

,Condensed Formula - ANSWER-MUST BE ABLE TO INTERPRET THIS!



Structural Isomers - ANSWER-Same molecular formula, different arrangement of
atoms:

a) different length of parent chain

b) different locations of branches

c) different lengths of branches



Homologous Series - ANSWER-Set of similar molecules that differ in chin length only.

ex. straight chain alkanes



Straight Chain Alkanes (4)

(no branches)



Descriptions - ANSWER-- Boiling point decrease

- non polar

- polar C-H bonds (difference about 0.5) but are cancelled out (since molecules =
symmetrical)

- as they increase in size, London Forces increase



Prefixes - ANSWER-1-10 Carbons (Greek/Latin origin):

Meth

Eth

Prop

Bu

Pent

Hex

Hept

, Oct

Non

Dec



Learn organic nomenclature! - ANSWER-1. Find longest parent chain (of C atoms
ONLY)

2. Start with side with func groups/double bonds/branches

3. Number each C atom in parent chain.

4. Use number, hyphens, prefixes and func group names (IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER)
to name the hydrocarbon

*5. More language: cis, trans, E, Z, .... (in grade 12 Chem)



Functional Group

(Definition) - ANSWER-Specific groups (moieties) of atoms or bonds within molecules
that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.



Higher reactivity than alkanes.



Reactivity - ANSWER-Comes from:

a) pi bonds

(you can't rotate around a double bond, since p-orbital rotation = loss of overlap!)

b) polarity



Geometric Isomers - ANSWER-Each of two or more compounds that differ from each
other in the arrangement of groups with respect to a double bond, ring, or other rigid
structure.



e.g. cis, trans... (grade 12 chem)



CLASS -

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