Gerontology Test 1: Chapters 1-5
age discrimination - ANS negative behavior toward older people; acting on the
basis of stereotypes
ageism - ANS a systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people
because they are old
chronological age - ANS number of years a person has lived
cohort - ANS the aggregate of individuals who experienced the same event
within the same time interval
cohort aging - ANS the continuous advancement of a cohort from one age
category to another over its lifespan
cohort effect - ANS a difference due to the experiences or characteristics of the
particular cohort to which an individual belongs
frail elderly - ANS older people who depend on others for carrying out their daily
activities; they show some mental or physical deterioration and need care from
family members
functional age - ANS a definition of age based on how people look and what they
can do; in functional terms, a person becomes old when he or she can no longer
perform the major roles of adulthood
generation - ANS a term applied to studies of family processes; refers to kinship
links
gerontology - ANS the scientific study of the biological, psychological, and
social aspects of aging
middle-old - ANS people aged 75 to 84
oldest-old - ANS people 85 or older
,senescence - ANS
social gerontology - ANS the study of social aspects of aging
social roles - ANS a set of expectations or guidelines for people who occupy a
given position or status, such as widow, grandfather, or retiree
somewhat impaired elderly - ANS people who are beginning to experience
chronic ailments and need some assistance from family or community service
agencies
stereotypes - ANS a composite of ideas and beliefs attributed to people as a
group or social category
subjective age identity - ANS how people subjectively define their age; most
important factors in determining _______________ are activity level and health
successful aging - ANS the attainment of peak physical and psychological
functioning and participation in rewarding social activities
well elderly - ANS people who are healthy and active, involved in social and
leisure activities, often employed or busy with volunteer work, still carrying out
family responsibilities, and fully engaged in the life of the community
young-old - ANS people 65 to 74
age effect - ANS a difference due to chronological age or life course stage
age grades - ANS use of age as a social category to group people by status - the
expectations for when the transition from one role to another should occur
age norms - ANS informal rules that specify age-appropriate roles and behavior
age timetables - ANS similar to age norms but looser and more flexible; informal
rules, which specify age-appropriate roles and behavior
countertransitions - ANS life course transitions produced by the role changes of
others
, cross-sectional research - ANS research comparing people of different age
cohorts at a single point in time
crowded nest - ANS the trend of young adults returning to the parental home
empty nest - ANS period when a couple is alone together following the departure
of children from the home
life course - ANS the interaction between historical events, personal decisions,
and individual opportunities; experiences early in life affect subsequent
outcomes
life course framework - ANS an approach to the study of aging that combines the
study of the changing age structure with the aging experiences of individuals
longitudinal research - ANS process of sorting complex-methodological issues
involved in distinguishing between age effects, cohort effects, and period effects
open-ended interviews - ANS a technique used in qualitative research that allows
respondents to answer a question without using pre-determined categories
participant observation research - ANS a type of data collection used in
qualitative research that allows the researcher to gain close knowledge of a
group of people or a community
period effect - ANS the impact of a historical event on the people who live
through it
social clock - ANS the age norms that provide a prescriptive timetable, which
orders major life events
theory of cumulative disadvantage - ANS a theory that people who begin life with
greater resources continue to have opportunities to accumulate more of them
while those who begin with few resources fall further behind
trajectory - ANS a series of transitions such as education, work, and retirement
transitions - ANS refers to the shifts in roles that occur over the life course
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