MMG 409 Lecture 5(All accurately solved)

Proto-oncogene correct answers A gene that regulates normal cell division but that can become a cancer-causing oncogene as a result of mutation or recombination Oncogenes correct answers A mutated or defective version of a gene that cause cancer by blocking the normal controls of cell reproductio...

microvilli in small intestine correct answers surface area increased by polymerizing actin filaments cell polarity generated by correct answers cytoskeletal proteins: -microtubules -actin filaments -intermediate filaments muscles correct answers microfilaments -actin bones correct answe...

Diagram the FOUR major steps common to signal transduction pathways correct answers 1) BINDING: Extra-cellular signal molecule binds. 2) ACtIVATION: Receptor protein activates. 3) CARRY: Intracellular signaling proteins carry a message. 4) EFFECT: The message reaches the target and causes a...

Binding Specificity correct answers The ability to distinguish closely related substances. Binding Affinity correct answers Defines the strength of the interaction between the ligand and its receptor. Signal (ligand) binding correct answers A simple, reversible reaction. Kd correct answers ...

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used to regulate cyclin-Cdk complexes? Acetylation Inhibitory protein binding Polyubiquitinylation Phosphorylation correct answers Acetylation Both the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC/C) and the SCF complex help to advance cells through the cell cycle...

short term changes correct answers modification of cellular metabolism, function and movement long term changes correct answers modification of gene expression, development endocrine signaling correct answers signals secreted and transported thru blood to distant cells ex hormones and insuli...

cytoskeleton correct answers network of fibrous elements found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells Microfilaments correct answers polymers of the protein actin that are arranged into bundles and networks microtubules correct answers long hollow tubes formed by polymers of the protein tubulin ...

Free tubulin correct answers alpha-beta heterodimer, with alpha subunit binding a tapped and nonhydrolyzable GTP and the beta subunit binding an exchangable and hydrolyzable GTP. A microtubule has 12 laterally associated protofilaments with alpha-subunit exposed at minus end and beta subunit at ...

What happens when beta-arresting binds? correct answers -Can act like a platform and assemble different signaling molecules -Activation of c-Jun kinase cascade = cell signaling path -Activation of MAP kinase cascade -AP2 and Clathrin - Endocytosis Receptor sequestration correct answers The ...

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers -Synthesis of membrane -ER membrane is site of transmembrane protein production -Protein glycosylation Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers -Lipid metabolism -Synthesis of steiroids -Detox cytochrome p450 -Sequester calcium What do all...

What is a cleavage furrow? correct answers What is the structure that forms as a result of the actin/myosin contractile ring that pulls the plasma membrane together to divide the cell? What proteins are in the contractile ring that divides future daughter cells? correct answers Actin and myosin ...

T/F: New epithelial cells are constantly born throughout the epithelial sheet, mostly in the villi. correct answers False: stem cells are in the bottom of the crypt T/F: Every type of intestinal epithelial cell is eventually discarded into the gut lumen where they die (except stem cells) correct ...

Mutagen correct answers -A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation -Initiator -Examples = X-rays, UV, reactive O2 species, DNA viruses, retroviruses Tumor promoter correct answers -An agent that does not alter DNA sequence directly, but damages tissue and i...

What are the 3 critical temperatures for microbial growth and explain the reasons for each. correct answers The 3 critical temperatures define the range suitable for microbial growth. (1) minimum - membrane gelling; transport processes so slow that growth cannot occur (2) optimal - enzymatic react...