Solución de ecuaciones diferenciales de segundo orden,
lineales, con coeficientes variables, no homogéneas.
Método de Cauchy-Euler.
La forma característica de la ecuación de Cauchy – Euler es:
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
La cual puede resolverse en dos etapas.
Primero resolviendo la parte izquierda de la ecuación diferencial como homogénea,
al igualarla a cero.
Si sabemos que una ecuación de segundo orden debe tener dos funciones solución,
entonces partiremos de la siguiente idea proponiendo que una primera solución pudiera
𝑑𝑦
obtenerse de 𝑏𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑦 = 0 y resolviendo por variables separables obtendremos que
𝑑𝑦 𝑐 𝑐 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
=− 𝑦 si consideramos que 𝑚 = − entonces =𝑚 ; =𝑚 ;
𝑑𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑏 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥
Caso III. Factores cuadráticos irreducible o raíces complejas conjugadas.
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