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Samenvatting gezondheid en preventie
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volledige samenvatting van de cursus gezondheid en preventie (voordien basisbegrippen in de kinesitherapie)
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Basisbegrippen KinésitherapieInhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: Kinésitherapie binnen de gezondheidszorg.......................................................................4
1. Wat betekent kinésitherapie?........................................................................................................4
2. De gezondheidszorg........................................................................................................................4
2.1 Belang van de gezondheidszorg................................................................................................4
2.2 Evolutie van de bevolking.........................................................................................................4
2.3 Wie maakt deel uit van de gezondheidszorg?..........................................................................4
2.4 Situering kinésitherapie binnen de gezondheidszorg...............................................................4
3. De taak van de kinésitherapeut binnen de gezondheidszorg.........................................................5
3.1 Primaire preventie: ontwijken en voorkomen van letsels........................................................5
3.2 secundaire preventie................................................................................................................6
3.3 tertiaire preventie: erger voorkomen.......................................................................................6
4. beroepsprofiel van de kinésitherapeut...........................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: Ethymologie van de medische terminologie.....................................................................6
1. Inleiding..........................................................................................................................................6
2. Aanwijzingen..................................................................................................................................6
3. Studie van de stam.........................................................................................................................6
Cardiovasculair stelsel....................................................................................................................6
Bloed- en lymfestelsel....................................................................................................................7
Respiratoir stelsel...........................................................................................................................7
Spijsverteringsstelsel......................................................................................................................7
Urogenitaal stelsel..........................................................................................................................8
zenuwstelsel...................................................................................................................................8
Osteomusculair stelsel....................................................................................................................8
Dermatologie..................................................................................................................................9
Prefix...............................................................................................................................................9
Suffix...............................................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: ziekte en gezondheid......................................................................................................10
1. WHO.............................................................................................................................................10
2. Gezondheid...................................................................................................................................10
3. Ziekte............................................................................................................................................10
4. Kenmerken van de ziekte..............................................................................................................10
4.1 Etiologie..................................................................................................................................10
1
, 4.2 pathogenese...........................................................................................................................10
4.3 Symptomatologie....................................................................................................................11
4.4 Verloop van een ziekte...........................................................................................................11
4.5 Prognose.................................................................................................................................11
4.6 Behandeling............................................................................................................................11
5. Enkele begrippen uit de epidemiologie........................................................................................12
5.1 Ziekte- en sterftebeschrijving.................................................................................................12
5.2 Epidemiologische studies........................................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 4: ICF theorie.......................................................................................................................13
1. Inleiding........................................................................................................................................13
2. Definitie ICF..................................................................................................................................14
3. Ontwikkeling ICF...........................................................................................................................14
4. Complementair aan ICD................................................................................................................14
5. Doelstellingen ICF.........................................................................................................................14
6. Omschrijving ICF...........................................................................................................................14
6.1 Componenten.........................................................................................................................14
7. Gezondheidsprofiel.......................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 5: methodisch handelen voor probleemoplossing in de kinesitherapie..............................15
1. Methodisch handelen...................................................................................................................15
1.1 Doelgerichtheid......................................................................................................................15
1.2 Bewustheid.............................................................................................................................16
1.3 Systematiek............................................................................................................................16
1.4 Procesmatigheid.....................................................................................................................16
2. Manieren van probleem oplossen................................................................................................16
2.1 Hypothetico-deductieve benadering......................................................................................16
2.2 Patroonherkenning.................................................................................................................16
2.3 Algoritme of beslisboom-strategie.........................................................................................17
......................................................................................................................................................17
2.4 Verzamelmethode..................................................................................................................17
3. Een kader voor kinésitherapeutische probleem oplossing...........................................................17
Hoofdstuk 6: Eerste hulp bij sportongevallen (EHBSO)........................................................................18
1. Inleiding........................................................................................................................................18
2. ICE -techniek: theorie...................................................................................................................18
2.1 ijs............................................................................................................................................19
2.2 Immobilisatie..........................................................................................................................19
2.3 Compressie.............................................................................................................................19
2
, 2.4 Elevatie...................................................................................................................................19
Hoofdstuk 7: Gezondheidsleer.............................................................................................................19
1. Inleiding........................................................................................................................................19
1.1 Ziekte en gezondheidsleer......................................................................................................19
1.2 Gezondheidsleer.....................................................................................................................19
2. Preventie......................................................................................................................................20
3. Micro-organismen........................................................................................................................20
3.1 De biofilm...............................................................................................................................20
3.2 Epidemiologie.........................................................................................................................21
3.3 Vaccinatie...............................................................................................................................22
3.4 Sterilisatie en desinfectie........................................................................................................24
4. Voedingshygiëne..........................................................................................................................24
4.1 Calorische voeding..................................................................................................................24
4.2 Niet-calorische voeding..........................................................................................................25
4.3 Conserveren van voeding.......................................................................................................25
4.4 Genetisch gewijzigde organismen of GGO..............................................................................25
5. Lichaamsbeweging en gezondheid...............................................................................................25
6. Enkele levensbedreigende micro-organismen..............................................................................26
6.1 HIV..........................................................................................................................................26
6.2 Botulisme................................................................................................................................26
6.3 MRSA......................................................................................................................................27
7. Inleiding tot de ziekenhuishygiëne...............................................................................................27
8. conclusie preventie.......................................................................................................................28
Hoofdstuk 8: Rugscholing.....................................................................................................................28
1. Situering rugklachten....................................................................................................................28
2. Behandeling van rugklachten.......................................................................................................29
2.1 Medische behandeling voor rugklachten................................................................................29
2.2 Paramedische behandelingen voor rugklachten.....................................................................29
3. Wat is rugscholing?.......................................................................................................................29
4. Anatomie van de wervelkolom.....................................................................................................29
5. Biomechanica van de wervelkolom..............................................................................................30
6. Goed ruggebruik...........................................................................................................................31
6.1 Houding in zit..........................................................................................................................31
6.2 Houding in lig..........................................................................................................................32
6.3 Houding in stand.....................................................................................................................33
6.4 Rug sparende activiteiten uitvoeren.......................................................................................33
3
, 6.5 Praktijk tiltechnieken..............................................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 1: Kinésitherapie binnen de gezondheidszorg
1. Wat betekent kinésitherapie?
= behandelen door te bewegen, in de eerste plaats moet de patiënt zelf bewegen.
- Actieve revalidatie: oefeningen laten uitvoeren
- Passieve revalidatie: massage therapie-afhankelijkheid
De patiënt: communicatie en vertrouwen = BELANGRIJK
open vragen stellen naar de patiënt toe
zelf oefeningen laten doen = betere revalidatie
wel / niet afhankelijk van de therapeut om te herstellen
De kinésitherapeut heeft geen medisch noch een paramedisch beroep!
Binnen de kinésitherapie zijn er verschillende categorieën:
- manuele therapie
- neurologie
- psychomotoriek = mentaal zoals depressies
- sportkine
- lymfedrainage
2. De gezondheidszorg
2.1 Belang van de gezondheidszorg
= welzijn van de individuele burger
Sociaal en medisch gezien zit onze samenleving in een stroomversnelling = we leven langer met meer
kwaaltjes.
2.2 Evolutie van de bevolking
80 % van de mensen die naar een kinésitherapeutische praktijk komen, zijn 60+. Door de langere
levensduur en meer kwaaltjes, is er een vergrijzing van de bevolking.
2.3 Wie maakt deel uit van de gezondheidszorg?
= leden van de medische en paramedische sector zoals:
- kinésitherapeut
- arts / verpleegkundige
- tandarts = voor kaakproblemen
- psycholoog = in samenwerking met een kiné
- ergotherapeut
- logopedist
- klinisch laborant = voor bloeduitslagen
2.4 Situering kinésitherapie binnen de gezondheidszorg
Kinésitherapie binnen de gezondheidszorg:
- privepraktijken
- ziekenhuizen: intensieve zorg, orthopedie, traumatologie, cardiorespiratoire en
en psychosomatische problematiek
- revalidatiecentra: aangeboren en verworven letsels
- rust- en verzorgingstehuizen
4
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