Class notes
METEOROLOGY ATPL
- Course
- Institution
All about meterology that you need to know to pass the exam for the ATPL. Created by courses and Aviation exam question Bank
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
kdmn
Reviews received
Content preview
ATPL (A)Review Worksheets
050 METEOROLOGY
BY KDMN
2020
,I/ THE ATMOSPHERE
01 COMPOSITION, EXTENSION, AND VERTICAL DIVISION
• Earth closest to the sun during winter (1st of January)
23°26’ • Coriolis force -> deflection to right in northern Hemisphere
cancer
• Atmosphere: dry air, 78%N2, 21% O2, 1% of rare gases (0.9%
of Argon) -> constant concentration. CO2, H2O (25 % of
capricorne atmosphere mass) varying with altitude.
• 50 % of atmosphere mass within the first 5km.
a) INTERNATION STANDARD ATMOSPHERE ISA:
➔ T= 15°C at MSL, -2°C/1000ft.
➔ Tropopause: 11-12km (36090ft) / -56,5 °C up to 20km.
➔ P= 1013 HPa.
➔ Humidity 0%.
b) DEFINITIONS:
➔ Greenhouse effect: traps sun radiation thanks to CO2, H2O, and methane.
➔ Ozone layer: “solar cream” against UV (from 15km to 45km).
➔ Aerosol: dust, sand, volcanic ashes within the atmosphere -> enables changing of state of
water thanks to condensation nuclei.
c) LAYERS:
, 02 AIR TEMPERATURE
a) THERMAL EXCHANGES:
Atmosphere absorbs 90 % of Earth radiation.
Atmosphere is warming thanks to condensation
and convection
Convection (vertical) Advection = horizontal
movement with wind.
The wind ↑ TSFC – T4ft.
Water has higher specific
heat= thermal capacity than Conduction
land -> we need more energy
to heat water than land. 51% of solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth -> Earth
radiation.
Capacity of reflexion = albedo = 31% for the Earth.
• Lat 40° is the balance latitude -> rear pole has deficit in solar radiation, equator has surplus of solar
radiation.
• Latent heat represents the energy necessary to supply the change of state, it is the most important
phenomenon for redistribution of energy.
b) INVERSION: temperature inversion: temperature increases with altitude -> low level turbulence.
1. RADIATION INVERSION = NOCTURAL INVERSION: clear sky, earth radiation are spread in the
atmosphere, the ground becomes colder than the air layer.
2. SUBSIDENCE INVERSION: Subsidence of air layer (old high-pressure system), piling up ->
compression -> T°C ↑
3. FRONTAL INVERSION: occurs when a warmer layer goes over a colder one.
warmer
4. VALLEY INVERSION:
colder
c) DIURNAL VARIATION ΔT:
➔ Tmin=30 min after sunrise, Tmax= 2h after the sun into meridian plan (“zenith”). Insolation is
max at local noon. ΔT max over large land.
➔ ΔT depends on: ->Nature of ground (++ dry ground, -- at sea), -> humidity (++ dry air), -> height
of the sun (++ in summer), -> latitude (++ at low latitude), clouds (++ with clear sky).
➔ Change of state:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kdmn. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.52. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82191 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now