Pearson Baccalaureate: History: Cold War for the IB Diploma
This document is a summary of "Why did Detente end in a Second Cold War" to help revise for the 'Component 4' (CIE History 9389) examination this June. These notes are specifically made for 'Cambridge International AS and A level History 9389' (Depth study 3: International History, )
cambridge international as and a level history 9389
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
Edition:
ISBN:
Edition:
More summaries for
(CIEHistory9389) New Leaders/Ideas during Cold War
(CIEHistory9389) Germany as a Source of Tension
(CIEHistory9389) The Cuban Missile Crisis and MAD
All for this textbook (18)
Written for
A/AS Level
CIE
History
Unit 4c - International History, 1945-1991 (9389)
All documents for this subject (39)
Seller
Follow
noteshelp4u
Reviews received
Content preview
Why Did Détente End in a Second Cold War?
(Depth Study 3: International History, 1945-1991)
(Cambridge International AS and A level History 9389)
Period started around 1968-1980 with Ronald Reagan becoming president. Means
relaxation of tension, 1970s used to describe attempts by US + USSR establish cooperative
relationship. Also used for (USA + China) (W. Europe + USSR). After 1980 detente replaced
by ‘second Cold War’.
Reasons Soviet-American rapprochement?
Improvement of relations as growing awareness nuke war. Early 1960s US + USSR ready take
step reduce nuke. By 1969 USSR reached nuke parity with US so equal when negotiate.
Also had individual reasons for relaxation:
USSR's reason detente
Its economy was stagnating. Order deal with economic problems + improve standards living
for USSR needed able transfer econ resources from weapons to consumer goods. Also
import tech. from West.
Also cause USSR's relationship PRC deteriorating. Sino-Soviet split almost led war. Crucial
keep China isolated + improve relations West.
US’ reason detente
Detente initiated by Nixon + Kissinger. Need way to end Nam war + wanted US follow more
realistic foreign policy which change int. sit. Pursuit of realpolitik.
Realpolitik is a system of politics or principles based on practical rather than moral or
ideological considerations.
Nixon hoped use detente get USSR + PRC put pressure N. Vietnam end war + retain US’
global rule by negotiation instead confrontation. Arms control free resources for US
economy.
, Reasons PRC-USA rapprochement?
China relation with USSR low late 1960s. China worried about international isolation + saw
improved relations with US way prevent + payback to USSR. For US improved relationship
China part of realpolitik foreign policy. Attempt US show trying for peace.
US knew China give extra leverage with USSR.
Reasons improved East-West relations Europe?
Pressure for detente from Europe. 1968 events = political instability both E + W Europe with
USSR Invasion Czechoslovakia + student riots France. Willy Brandt (W. Germany Chancellor)
took lead try improve both Germanys. Believed whole continent benefit reduction tensions
+ greater links. Known as Ostpolitik.
Ostpolitik was the foreign policy of western European countries of detente with reference
to the former communist bloc, especially the opening of relations with the Eastern bloc by
the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) in the 1960s.
From USSR side impetus improved relations Europe. Formal peace treaty after WW2 never
signed. Soviets wanted win Western acceptance division Germany.
Successes of Detente?
Arms agreements US + USSR: SALT I
After CMC, US + USSR signed control agreements. Most significant arms agreement was
SALT I in 1972. Treaty covered agreement in:
- ABM Treaty: ABMs only allowed two sites each, each site only 100 missiles. Deterred
MAD.
- Interim Treaty: limited number ICBMs + SLBMs.
- Basic principles Agreement: laid rules conduct nuke war + dev weapons. Committed
sides work together Peaceful Co-existence. 1973 followed PNW treaty.
Jason Mason said SALT I reduced tension between powers. Co-operation spirit in 1972 + 74
Nixon visit + 1973 Brezhnev visit.
Severe criticisms SALT I not going far enough limit nukes as didn't mention MIRVs. Said that
freezer cavalry but not the tanks
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller noteshelp4u. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.57. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
