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NR 302 Health Assessment - Exam 3 Study Guide / NR302 Exam 3 Study Guide (Latest 2020): Health Assessment I: Chamberlain College of Nursing $14.49   Add to cart

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NR 302 Health Assessment - Exam 3 Study Guide / NR302 Exam 3 Study Guide (Latest 2020): Health Assessment I: Chamberlain College of Nursing

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NR 302 Health Assessment - Exam 3 Study Guide / NR302 Exam 3 Study Guide (Latest 2020): Health Assessment I: Chamberlain College of Nursing

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  • April 25, 2020
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NR 302 Health Assessment - Exam 3 Study Guide / NR302 Exam 3 Study Guide: Health Assessment I:
Chamberlain College of Nursing


Chapter 15 – Respiratory

4 major functions

 Supplying oxygen for energy

 Removing carbon dioxide

 Acid-base balance (homeostasis)

 Maintaining heat exchange

Control of respirations – normal stimulus, alternative stimulus and what condition

 Pons and medulla

 Normal stimulus (Hypercapnia)

 Decrease in O2 in blood (Hypoxemia)

 Inspiration (Active) expiration (passive)

Lower – bronchi, pleural membranes, muscles of respiration (normal, accessory)

 Bronchi- right main bronchus

 Pleural membranes- the parietal lines diaphragm and thoracic wall, the visceral lines outer surface of

lung, and pleural fluid acts as lubricant

 Muscles of inspiration- normal( intercostal muscles, diaphragm), accessory ( neck, abdomen, chest)

Anterior Landmarks – sternum (Angle of Louis, sternal angle, 2ICS), clavicle, costal angle (normal)

 Costal angle < 90 degrees

Posterior Landmarks – vertebra prominens, spinous processes (T1 to T4), CVA tenderness

 Vertebra prominens- C7 (if 2 bumps equally prominent C7, T1)

 Spinous processes- aligned w/ same numbered rib to T4

,  CVA tenderness- kidney problems

References Lines – anterior, posterior, and lateral thorax

 Anterior- sternal, midclavicular, anterior axillary

 Posterior- vertebral, scapular, posterior axillary

 Lateral- anterior axillary, midaxillary, posterior axillary

Lobes (3 on right, 2 on left), apex versus base

 Right- upper, middle, lower lobes

 Left- upper, lower lobes

 Apex (highest point) anterior and 3-4 cm above clavicle

 Base (lower border)

Pediatric (AP:Transverse diameter, abdominal breathing, role of surfactant)

 AP: transverse 1:1 ratio

 Abdominal breathing until 5-7 yrs

Pregnant (Diaphragmatic breathing, SOB, costal angle changes, lordosis)

 Muscles and cartilage of the ribs relaxes

o Diaphragm rises into chest to accommodate fetus

o Diaphragmatic breathing

o Shortness of breath (SOB), dyspnea, increase awareness of breathing in last trimester

 Total oxygen demand can increase 20%

 Costal angle widens

 Deeper breathing, respiratory rate unchanged

 Lordosis or swayback, “waddling” gait


Geriatric (overall aging changes to respiratory rate and depth, vital capacity, alveoli); cough ability, kyphosis

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