Informatics Midterm Review Sheet
1. General principles of Nursing Informatics:
2. Knowledge
o Awareness and understanding of a set of information
and ways that information can be made useful to support a
specific task or arrive at a decision. This knowledge
building is an ongoing process engaged in while a person is
conscious and going about his or her normal daily
activities.
3. Wisdom:
Knowledge applied in a practical way or translated
into actions; the use of knowledge and experience to
heighten common sense and insight so as to exercise
sound judgment in practical matters. Sometimes thought
of as the highest form of common sense, resulting
from accumulated knowledge or erudition (deep, thorough
learning) or enlightenment (education that results in
understanding and the dissemination of knowledge).
Wisdom is the ability to apply valuable and viable
knowledge, experience, understanding, and insight while
being prudent and sensible. It is focused on our own minds;
it is the synthesis of our experience, insight,
understanding, and knowledge. Wisdom is the appropriate
use of knowledge to solve human problems. It is knowing
when and how to apply knowledge.
, 4. Scientific Underpinning:
The scientific underpinnings of practice provide the
basis of knowledge for advanced nursing practice.
These scientific underpinnings include sciences such as
biology, physiology, psychology, ethics, and nursing.
Nursing science, information science, and computer
science
5. The Foundation of Knowledge Model
The Foundation of Knowledge model is also introduced as
the organizing conceptual framework of this text, and the
model is tied to nursing science and the practice of nursing
informatics.
Base: bits, bytes (quantify data) data and
information
ADGP Cones: aspects of knowledge
1. Knowledge Acquisition: the act of getting
knowledge
2. Knowledge Dissemination: distribution and
sharing of knowledge
3. Knowledge Generation: The creation of new
knowledge by changing and evolving
knowledge based on one’s experience,
education, and input from others.
4. Knowledge Processing: (where A, D & G
intersect) The activity or process of gathering
or collecting, perceiving, analyzing,
synthesizing, saving or storing, manipulating,
conveying, and transmitting knowledge.
Feedback: cut through & may transform all
aspects of knowledge (cones).
ADGP & feedback are constantly evolving
, 6. Computer science:
o Branch of engineering (application of science) that
studies the theoretical foundations of information
and computation and their implementation and
application in computer systems. The study of storage/
memory, conversion and transformation, and transfer or
transmission of information in machines— that is,
computers—through both algorithms and practical
implementation problems. Algorithms are detailed,
unambiguous action sequences in the design, efficiency,
and application of computer systems, whereas practical
implementation problems deal with the software and
hardware.
7. Cognitive science:
o Interdisciplinary field that studies the mind, intelligence,
and behavior from an information processing perspective.
8. Information science
o Information science enables the processing of information.
This processing links people and technology. Humans are
organic ISs, constantly acquiring, processing, and
generating information or knowledge in their professional
and personal lives. This high degree of knowledge, in fact,
characterizes humans as extremely intelligent organic
machines. The premise of this text revolves around this
concept, and the text is organized on the basis of the
Foundation of Knowledge model: knowledge acquisition,
knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and
knowledge dissemination.
9. Standard Terminology:
o Standardized terminologies (STs) contribute to the
development of knowledge because they ensure that all
professionals share the same understanding or
meaning of a given concept, to clarify communication,
facilitate research, and provide structure for decision
support tools and EHRs. As you look at the Foundation of
Knowledge model, STs support knowledge acquisition,
dissemination, generation, and processing.
o STs are structured, controlled languages developed
to represent concepts in a given domain in a clear,
unambiguous fashion that conveys the exact same
meaning for data, information, and knowledge
