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NURS 120 Quiz 4 (Fluids/Electrolyte Balance) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
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NURS 120 Quiz 4 (Fluids/Electrolyte Balance) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
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NURS 120 Quiz 4 (Fluids/Electrolyte Balance)QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
Body fluids and electrolytes play an important role in maintaining? - ANSWER
homestatis
if pt has hypernatremia due to NPO what should be given ? - ANSWER .45
sodium chloride
Water provides - ANSWER shock absorption, lubrication, and temperature
regulation.
-extracellular transportation
-50-60 percent of the human body
Intracellular fluid (ICF) - ANSWER fluid within the cell; synonym for cellular
fluid
extracellular fluid - ANSWER body fluids located outside of cells
What don't you give D5W to ? - ANSWER infants or individuals with head injury
because they may cause cerebral edema
Diffusion - ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
-balances the solute on both sides
,active transport - ANSWER Energy-requiring process that moves material
across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
Osmosis - ANSWER Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane
-low to high concentrate
isotonic solution - ANSWER A solution in which the concentration of solutes is
essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution
hypotonic solution - ANSWER A solution in which the concentration of solutes
is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution
-water moves into cell
hypertonic solution - ANSWER A solution in which the concentration of solutes
is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
-water leave cell
How much water should you drink a day? - ANSWER 2000-3000 ml
water regulation - ANSWER Amount of water reabsorption affects urine
volume and osmotic concentration
Normal: Hbg (hemoglobin) - ANSWER Range:11.7-17.3
male: 13.2-17.3g/dL
, female: 11.7-15.5%
Normal: Hct - ANSWER 35-50%
renal regulation - ANSWER Kidneys are the long term regulator of acid-base
balance and the primary regulator of fluid balance
Aldosterone - ANSWER "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention
of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a
higher blood volume and pressure
Renin - ANSWER hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
Erythopoietin - ANSWER stimulates the production of red blood cells
ADH (antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin) - ANSWER - Peptide hormone
- Released as a response to high concentration of solute (serum osmolarity) and
decreased volume of water in blood (plasma volume)
- ADH travels to kidneys, causes collecting ducts to become more permeable to
water
- more water absorbed, increasing water volume, decreasing osmolarity,increases
blood pressure, constricts blood vessels
- concentration of solute in urine increased
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