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Exam 1/ midterm patho study guide 2o24/2025
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Exam 1/ midterm patho studyWhich of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease? - An unwanted effect of
a prescribed drug
The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the - signs and symptoms of a disease.
The best definition of the term prognosis is the - predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a
specific disease.
Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease? - Fever
Etiology is defined as the study of the - causes of a disease.
A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell size is referred to as - atrophy.
A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures
would be called - dysplasia.
A deficit of oxygen in the cells usually due to respiratory or circulatory problems is called - ischemia.
When a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called - necrosis.
Rigorous weightlifting/body building regimens may result in the skeletal muscle cells undergoing -
hypertrophy
The term cancer refers to - malignant neoplasm.
,To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer? - Preprogrammed cell self-destruction
Which of the following statements is TRUE? - Damaged cells may be able to repair themselves.
Caseation necrosis refers to an area where - dead cells form a thick cheesy substance.
Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of - a preventive measure.
A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed -
precipitating factor.
The term homeostasis refers to - maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after the original
disease has been established? - Complication
Pathophysiology involves the study of - functional or structural changes resulting from disease
processes.
Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology? - The science of tracking the occurrence
and distribution of diseases
Which of the following can cause cell injury or death? 1. Hypoxia
2. Exposure to excessive cold3. Excessive pressure on a tissue 4. Chemical toxins - 1, 2, 3, 4
,All of the following are part of the Seven Steps to Health EXCEPT: - Participate in strenuous exercise on a
regular daily basis.
The term disease refers to - a deviation from the normal state of health and function.
A collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ or system, that usually occur
together in response to a certain condition is referred to as a(an) - syndrome.
All of the following statements are correct about cell damage EXCEPT: - Initially, cell damage does not
change cell metabolism, structure, or function.
Which of the following conditions distinguishes double blind studies used in health research? - Neither
the members of the control group or the experimental group nor the person
administering the treatment knows who is receiving the experimental therapy.
If the data collected from the research process confirm that the new treatment has increased
effectiveness and is safe, this is called - evidence-based research.
A short-term illness that develops very quickly with perhaps a high fever or severe pain is called - acute
The term prognosis refers to the - expected outcome of the disease.
When prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart, the resulting damage is referred to as -
infarction
During the evaluation process for a new therapy's effectiveness and safety, a double blind study may be
conducted during - the third stage.
, Why are the predisposing factors for a specific disease important to health professionals? - To develop
preventive measures
Cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as - certain food additives.
Which of the following is usually included in a medical history? 1. Past illnesses or surgeries2. Current
illnesses, acute and chronic3. Prescribed medication or other treatments
4. Nonprescription drugs and herbal remedies 5. Current allergies - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
A situation when there is a higher than expected number of cases of an infectious disease within a given
area is called a/an - epidemic
The term pathogenesis refers to - the development of a disease or sequence of events related to tissue
changes
involved in the disease process.
A therapy that has been approved for use and may show additional potential to treat a different disease
is termed " " use. - off-label
A potential unwanted outcome of a primary condition, such as paralysis following the recovery from a
stroke, is referred to as - sequelae
An infectious disease that spreads over wide regions of the globe is called a(an) - pandemic
The type of necrosis that occurs when cell proteins are altered or denatured is referred to as -
coagulative necrosis.
Choose the correct proportion of water to body weight to be expected in a healthy male adult's body: -
60%
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