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CHEM 1: General Chemistry Test with Questions & CORRECT Verified ANSWERS |
CHEM 1: General Chemistry Test with Questions & CORRECT Verified ANSWERS |
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CHEM 1: General Chemistry Test with Questions &CORRECT Verified ANSWERS |
metals - ✔✔- atoms that tend to lose electrons and form positive ions to obtain a noble gas
configuration
cation - ✔✔- positive ion
ionic bonds - ✔✔- formed by metal atoms bonding with negative ions that are usually non-
metals
- electrons are transferred
ductile - ✔✔- able to be easily stretched
- according to the electron-sea model, this is possible because the electrons are shifting around
(no bonds are broken)
malleable - ✔✔- able to be hammered into thin strips
- according to the electron-sea model, this is possible because the electrons are shifting around
(no bonds are broken)
conductive - ✔✔- able to conduct electricity and heat
- according to the electron-sea model, this is possible because electrons (charges) can move
electron-sea model - ✔✔- model stating that an array of metal nuclei exists in a sea of
valence electrons
- electrons are freely flowing
, non-metals - ✔✔- atoms that tend to gain electrons and form negative ions to obtain a noble
gas configuration
anion - ✔✔- negative ion
covalent bonds - ✔✔- formed by non-metal atoms bonding with other non-metals
- electrons are shared
characteristics of non-metals - ✔✔- poor conductors of heat and electricity
- non-malleable
- brittle (when solid)
- possess low to moderate melting points
metalloids - ✔✔- atoms that have both metal and non-metal characteristics
transition metals - ✔✔- atoms located in the d-block of the periodic table
- exhibit unique properties (since they occupy d orbitals)
effective nuclear charge (Z eff) - ✔✔- the net positive charge felt by an orbiting electron
- increases from left to right (periodic table): q₁ and q₂ increase
- increases from bottom to top (periodic table): r decreases
F = kq₁q₂ / r²
atomic radius - ✔✔- the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons
- decreases from left to right (periodic table)
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