Which clinical finding would the nurse anticipate if a client who sustained severe burns over 40% of the surface area of the body develops water intoxication? - ANS Disorientation with twitching
Rationale: Excess extracellular fluid moves into cells (water intoxication). Intracellular flu...
Hesi Pharmacology Exam Study Exam
Questions And Answers
Which clinical finding would the nurse anticipate if a client who sustained severe burns over
40% of the surface area of the body develops water intoxication? - ANS Disorientation with
twitching
Rationale: Excess extracellular fluid moves into cells (water intoxication). Intracellular fluid
excess in sensitive brain cells causes altered mental status; other signs include twitching,
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, sleepiness, and convulsions.
Test-taking tip: the present of absolute words and phrases can help you determine the correct
answer. There are not many things in the world that are absolute, especially in nursing. Only a
guideline.
Which opthalmic solution is contraindicated for clients with glaucoma? - ANS Atropine
Rationale: Atropine, a mydriatic opthalmic solution, is contraindicated for clients with glaucoma
because it dilates the pupil, increasing intraocular pressure.
How does sodium biphosphate, prescribed for a client before a colonoscopy, accomplish its
therapeutic effect? - ANS Increases osmotic pressure in intestines.
Rationale: Sodium biphosphate is a saline (hypertonic) cathartic that increases osmotic
pressure within the intestine so that body fluids are drawn into the bowel, stimulating bowel
stretching peristalsis, and defecation.
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a client about potassium chloride
effervescent tablets? - ANS Take the medication with food.
Rationale: Eating food when taking the medication will decrease gastrointestinal irritation. Side
effects of this medication include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and ulceration of the small
intestine.
Which intervention is indicated for treatment of a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis
of acute salmonellosis? - ANS Electrolytes
Rationale: Fluids of dextrose and normal saline and electrolytes are administered to prevent
profound dehydration caused by excessive loss of water and electrolytes through diarrheal
output.
Which medication increases the risk for upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding? - ANS Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Methylprednisolone
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