Exam (elaborations)
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers Midterm weeks 1-4
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- Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers Midterm weeks 1-4
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NR507 Advanced Pathophysiologymidterm exam question with answers
Midterm weeks 1-4
Question 1
pts
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
• Globulin
• Albumin
• Clotting factors
• Complement proteins.
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the most
abundant plasma protein.
Incorrect Question 2
pts
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
• Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
• Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
• Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
• Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or squamous
cell origin. These early-stage cancers are localized to the epithelium and have not broken through the
local basement membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers to changes in mature cell
structure.
,Question 3
pts
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of
gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
• Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
• Gram-stain technique
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• DNA testing
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is deemed positive for
Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the typical “kidney bean” morphologic
appearance are found inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is
considered adequate for the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other options are
not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
Question 4
pts
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
• Ovarian
• Uterine
• Cervical
• Vaginal
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects early oncogenic human
papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used for screening the other cancer sites listed.
Incorrect Question 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:
• Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Renal failure and Addison disease
• Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The other
options are not known to be causes of hyperkalemia.
Question 6
, pts
What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?
• Development of antibiotic resistance
• Changes in virulence
• Changes in pathogenicity
• Mutations into different strains
Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are penicillinase- producing
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to penicillin; tetracycline- resistant N. gonorrhoeae
(TRNG), which is resistant to tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of resistance of N.
gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and increasingly a
fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other options are not major concerns. NR507
Question 7
pts
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
• Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
• Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
• Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease.
• Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigen
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage
to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity.
Question 8
pts
Which is present in childhood asthma?
• IgM
• IgG
• IgE
• IgA
Included in the long list of asthma-associated genes are those that code for increased levels of immune
and inflammatory mediators (e.g., interleukin [IL]–4, IgE, leukotrienes), nitric oxide, and
transmembrane proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. None of the other options are associated with
childhood asthma.
Question 9
pts
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