TEST BANK 8i 8i 8i
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Test Bank for Foundations of Mental Health Care
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8th Edition
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TEST BANK 8i
, Michelle Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care 8th Edition
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Chapter 01: The History of Mental Care
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MULTIPLE CHOICE 8i
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrat
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ional soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent psychological theorist:
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a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A 8i
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and ou
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tside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as huma
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n beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse who ca
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red for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases of the Min
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d.
PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension 8i 8i
REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Early Years of Mental Health 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. During the mid- 8i 8i
1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by pro
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fessionals. This practice led to 8i 8i 8i 8i
for different abnormal 8i 8i
behaviors.
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a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A 8i
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more ac
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curate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education
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regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 5 OBJ: 3 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
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medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
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a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C 8i
, Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea
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Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mi
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nd That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s Commission on Me
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ntal Health in 1978.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 5 OBJ: 4 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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4. In 1841,
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surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public awareness and reform
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for the care of the mentally ill.
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a. Sigmund Freud 8i
b. John Cade 8i
c. Florence Nightingale 8i
d. Dorothea Dix 8i
ANS: D 8i
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is cre
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dited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced the conce
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pt of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar dis
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order, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 6 OBJ: 4 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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5. As a direct result of CliffordN
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worG
k a nBd .b oCo k ,MA Mind That Found Itself, the Committee
U in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
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for Mental Hygiene was formed
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a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
b. Education of caregivers 8i 8i
c. Current treatment options 8i 8i
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
ANS: D 8i
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he re
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ceived for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the consciousnes
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s of people throughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the stigma of having
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a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current treatment o
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ptions regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for th
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e Committee for Mental Hygiene.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 6 OBJ: 4 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma
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that could last as long as 50 hours?
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a. Electroconvulsive therapy 8i
b. Insulin therapy 8i
c. Humoral therapy 8i
, d. Amphetamine therapy 8i
ANS: B 8i
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s. Ampheta
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mines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe depres
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sion. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was a belief that mental
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illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 8 OBJ: 5 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often
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used to treat? 8i 8i
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder 8i
c. Severe depression 8i
d. Violent behavior 8i
ANS: C 8i
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this peri
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od, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a loboto
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my. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for bipolar disorder.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
NssesRsmeInt GMSBC:.CClienM
KEY: Nursing Process Step: A
8 i t Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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USNT 8i 8i 8i O
8. In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent
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behaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
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a. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
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b. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
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c. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
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d. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
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ANS: C 8i
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are severed fr
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om the thalamus.
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PTS: 8 i 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 8i 8i
REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 8i 8i 8i 8 i
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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9. Which class of drugs was introduced in the 1930s for the treatment of depression?
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a. SSRIs
ANS: D 8i
