4 broad goals of nursing - ANSWER -To promote health
-To prevent illness
-To treat human responses to health or disease
-To advocate for individuals, families, communities, and populations
direct care - ANSWER when directly in contact with a patient
indirect care - ANSWER nursing interventions on behalf of a patient
independent nursing - ANSWER Registered nurses function independently in
nursing, imitating and carrying out nursing activities.
dependent nursing - ANSWER initiated by a provider in the form of an order,
and conducted by the nurse
nursing assessment is a(n) _______ nursing action - ANSWER independent
Purpose of Nursing Assessment - ANSWER 1. systematic data collection
2. predicting health risks
3. identifying health promotion activities
purpose of nursing process - ANSWER identify client needs and deliver care
to meet those needs
5 steps of the nursing process - ANSWER 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
,nursing process characteristics - ANSWER Systematic
Dynamic
Interpersonal
Goal-oriented
Universally applicable
Holistic process
Intuitive and subjective
Autonomy of individual
true or false: critical thinking is always needed - ANSWER false
characteristics of critical thinking - ANSWER problem solving, decision
making, evaluate, alternatives
diagnostic reasoning is based on what? - ANSWER based on the nurses critical
thinking, intuition, and 5 senses
steps of diagnostic reasoning - ANSWER 1) gather assessment data
2) identify abnormal findings and patient strengths
3) collect objective and subjective data
4) cluster data
5) determine whether the data found is a fact, inference, judgement, or opinon
Cues - ANSWER objective; you observe
inferences - ANSWER assumption based on cues
deductive reasoning - ANSWER -"top down" reasoning
- starts with the conclusion
- analyze the conclusion with significant cues
components of a health assessment - ANSWER 1) health interview and history
2) comprehensive physical assessment
3) medical reconciliation
4) areas for health promotion and teaching which can include:
- physical fitness assessment
- spiritual health assessment
- social support system review
- lifestyle assessment
- life stress assessment
Objective - ANSWER things you can use your senses to document
subjective - ANSWER based on patients telling
health interview purpose - ANSWER 1) get/give information
2) identify problems of mutual concern
3) evaluate change
4) teach
5) provide support, counseling, or therapy
important things to do in health interview - ANSWER 1) smile
2) eye contact
3) no barrier between you and the patient (ex: computer, clip board)
Components of Health History - ANSWER 1) biographical data
2) chief complaint or reason for visit
3) past history
4) family history
5) lifestyle
6) social data
7) psychological
8) patterns of health care
medication reconciliation - ANSWER the process of comparing a patient's
medication orders to all of the medications that the patient has been taking
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