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BIO 171 CHAPTER 1 – EVOLUTION, THE THEMES OF BIOLOGY, AND SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY TEST
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BIO 171 CHAPTER 1 – EVOLUTION, THE THEMES OF BIOLOGY, AND SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY TEST...
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BIO 171 CHAPTER 1 – EVOLUTION, THETHEMES OF BIOLOGY, AND SCIENTIFIC
INQUIRY TEST
Biology - ANSWER The scientific study of life
Evolution - ANSWER Descent with modification; the idea that living species
are descendants of ancestral species that were different from the present-day
ones; also defined more narrowly as the change in the genetic composition of a
population from generation to generation
Consumer - ANSWER An organism that feeds on producers, other consumers,
or nonliving organic material
Proteome - ANSWER The entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell,
tissue, or organism
Bioinformatics - ANSWER The use of computers, software, and mathematical
models to process and integrate biological information from large data sets
Community - ANSWER All the organisms that inhabit a particular area; an
assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for
potential interaction
Inquiry - ANSWER The search for information and explanation, often
focusing on specific questions
Emergent Properties - ANSWER New properties that arise with each step
upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of
parts as complexity increases
Ecosystem - ANSWER All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic
factors with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical
environment around them
, Climate Change - ANSWER A directional change in temperature,
precipitation, or other aspect of the global climate that lasts for three decades or
more
Natural Selection - ANSWER A process in which individuals that have certain
inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits
Controlled Experiment - ANSWER An experiment designed to compare an
experimental group with a control group ideally, the two groups differ only in
the factor being tested
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) - ANSWER A nucleic acid molecule, usually a
double-stranded helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of
nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases
adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being
replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins
Data - ANSWER Recorded observations
Cell - ANSWER Life's fundamental unit of structure and function; the smallest
unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life
Genome - ANSWER The genetic material of an organism or virus; the
complete complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its
noncoding nucleic acid sequences
Deductive Reasoning - ANSWER A type of logic in which specific results are
predicted from a general premise
Model Organism - ANSWER A particular species chosen for research into
broad biological principles because it is representative of a larger group and
usually easy to grow in a lab
Feedback Regulation - ANSWER The regulation of a process by its output or
end product
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