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BIO 171 GUIDING READING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIO 171 GUIDING READING QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
1. What are some characteristics that distinguish living organisms from non-
living entities? - ANSWER living things have all of the following
characteristics:
-made up of cell(s)
-acquire energy and matter from surroundings (anaerobic and aerobic
metabolism)
-respond to the environment
-have the capacity to reproduce
-are hereditary
-carbon-based
-can evolve with natural selection
2. Are viruses alive? Why or why not? - ANSWER not really because they
aren't made up of cells, and by themselves, they don't have the capacity to
reproduce
3. What are the three domains in life? Which of the domains is/are prokaryotes?
What is an important difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote? -
ANSWER Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archaea; bacteria and archaea are
prokaryotes
The prokaryotes are single-celled, do not have a nucleus, lack membrane-bound
organelles, and they have circular DNA and reproduce by binary fusion. While
the eukaryotes may be unicellular or multicellular, they possess a nucleus,
, undergo division by mitosis and meiosis, and possess membrane-bound
organelles.
4. What does the tree showing the three domains of life tell us about how
Eukarya, Archaea and Bacteria are related to each other? To which other
domain are Archaea most closely related? Which domain do animals belong to?
ANSWER archea evolved from bacteria and they are more closely related with
each other than to eukarya. Animals belong to eukarya
5. Where do Archaea and Bacteria live? What roles do they play ecologically? -
ANSWER basically everywhere including extreme environments;
ecologically they are responsible for oxygenation of the atmosphere, nitrogen
fixation, decomposition, cycling of nutrients, and mutualisms.
6. What is the genetic material of all living organisms? What are four key
characteristics of it? - ANSWER DNA
1. diversity of structure
2. the ability to replicate
3. mutability
4. gene expression-the central dogma
7. What allows for a diversity of structure in DNA? - ANSWER different
combinations of nucleotides create different DNA molecules CG;AT/AU
8. Why is it important for DNA to be able to replicate? What must occur for
DNA to replicate? What is the final product of DNA replication? - ANSWER
replication is necessary for reproduction; for DNA to replicate, the strands of
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