Exam (elaborations)
BIO 171 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
- Course
- Institution
BIO 171 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE...
[Show more]
Content preview
BIO 171 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDEamino acid
an organic molecule containing a central carbon atom attached to a carboxyl
group, an amino acid, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain; the building blocks of
proteins
anti-codon
the sequence of 3 nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that base pairs with the
corresponding codon in an mRNA molecule
archaea
one of the 3 domains of life, consisting of single-celled organisms with a single
circular chromosome and no nucleus that divides by binary fission and differs
from bacteria in many aspects of their cell and molecular biology
bacteria
one of the 3 domains of life, consisting of single-celled organisms with a single
circular chromosome but no nucleus that divides by binary fission and differs
from archaeans in many aspects of their cell and molecule biology
carbohydrate
an organic molecule containing C, H, and O atoms that provides a source of
energy for metabolism and that forms the starting point for the synthesis of all
other organic molecules
cell membrane
the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell
central dogma
originally, the idea that information flows from nucleic acids to proteins, but not
in the opposite direction; more generally, the view that information transfer in a
cell usually goes from DNA to RNA to protein
codon
, a group of 3 adjacent nucleotides in RNA that specifies an amino acid in a
protein or that terminates polypeptide synthesis
DNA
a linear polymer of 4 subunits; the information archive in all organisms
DNA replication
the process of duplicating a DNA molecule, during which the parental strands
separate and new partner strands are made
eukarya
the eukaryotes; 1 of the 3 domains of life, in which cells have a true nucleus and
divide by mitosis
eukaryote
an organism whose cells have a true nucleus
gene
the unit of heredity; the stretch of DNA that affects 1 or more traits in an
organism, usually through an encoded protein or noncoding RNA
gene expression
the production of a functional gene product
genetic code
the correspondence between codons and amino acids, in which 20 amino acids
are specified by 64 codons
mRNA
the RNA molecule that combines with a ribosome to direct protein synthesis; it
carries the genetic "message" from the DNA to the ribosome
most recent common ancestor (MRCA)
the last common ancestor, of a set of organisms is the most recent individual
from which all the organisms of the set descended
non-template DNA
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller luzlinkuz. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now