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Glycolysis. aerobic respiration Questions and Answers 100% Correct
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Glycolysis. aerobic respiration
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Glycolysis. aerobic respirationWhat is the first step of sugar oxidation? - answer Glycolysis
Is oxygen required in glycolysis? - answer No, as electrons are removed from the
carbon instead
What is the net ATP of glycolysis? - answer2 ATP (4 in energy investment, 2 in energy
output)
What is the end product of glycolysis? - answer2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 ATP
What is required in the first step of glycolysis (phosphorylation of glucose)? - answer
Requires ATP and a hexokinase enzyme
What is the consequence of phosphorylating glucose in stage 1 of phosphorylation? -
answer The negative charge on the phosphate means glucose6phosphate is trapped
inside the cell
Promotes uptake via glucose transporter so conc glucose is low
Describe the structure and function of hexokinase in step one of glycolysis - answer-
glucose binding results in a conformational change
-active site around glucose and ATP becomes non polar, avoiding ATP hydrolysis
-favours direct transfer of Pi group from ATP-> glucose
-example of substrate induced fit
-enzyme decreases the activation energy for direct transfer of Pi
Describe the mechanism of glucose phosphorylation in step one of glycolysis - answer1.
hexokinase active site contains aspartame that deprotonates the C6 hydroxyl group of
glucose
2.deprotonated O- acts as a nucleophile attacking the Pi group of ATP
3.Pi group transferred directly to glucose without H2O hydrolysis
Describe how coupling ensures step one of glycolysis occurs - answer Glucose +
phosphate -><- glucose-6-phosphate is an unfavorable reaction with a very + delta G.
This is coupled to a reaction with a - delta G, such as the hydrolysis of ATP.
Combined, this gives the overall negative reaction of...
Glucose + ATP -><- glucose-6-phosphate + ADP
What is step two of glycolysis? - answerIsomerisation. The reaction is readily reversible
under cellular conditions, forming a ketone sugar (C=O) from an almost sugar (-CHO)
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