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PVD EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
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PVD EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
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PVD EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETESOLUTIONS!!
is one of the most common health issues that nurses will encounter in the
hospital setting. It can cause a host of other problems including stroke, kidney
disease, MI, and even death. Answer - •Hypertension
For patients 60 and older, the recommended blood pressure should be below
150/90.
•For patients younger than 60 years old, the recommended blood pressure
should be Answer - below 150/90.
140/90.
According to Joint National Committee 8 (JNC 8) guidelines, patients whose
blood pressures are above these goals should be treated with drug therapy and
lifestyle modifications
Four control systems play a major role in maintaining blood pressure: Answer -
The arterial baroreceptor system
Regulation of body fluid volume
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Vascular autoregulation
•There are four stages of hypertension: Answer - •* Normal
•* Elevated (prehypertension)
•* Stage 1 Hypertension
•* Stage 2 Hypertension
,who has the highest prevalence of HTN, making them at high risk of dying from
MI's, strokes, and kidney disease. Answer - African Americans
Men have a higher risk of HTN than women until the age of ____ After age 45,
women and men have similar percentages of HTN. After age ____, women
have a greater chance of HTN than men do. Answer - Men have a higher risk of
HTN than women until the age of 45. After age 45, women and men have
similar percentages of HTN. After age 64, women have a greater chance of HTN
than men do.
Most common type of hypertension Answer - Essential Hypertension
Results in damage to vital organs Answer - Essential Hypertension
Causes medial hyperplasia (thickening) of arterioles Answer - Essential
Hypertension
Common risk factors for Essential Hypertension Answer - Obesity
Smoking
Stress
Family history
causes the blood vessels to thicken that causes a decrease in perfusion to vital
organs leading to organ damage. Decreased perfusion to major organs can
cause Mis, stroke, PVD, and kidney failure. Answer - Chronic hypertension
hypertension Causes by specific disease states or drugs
what is the most common causes Answer - Secondary Hypertension
, •** Kidney disease is one of the most common causes of secondary
hypertension.
Hypertensive Crisis (Malignant Hypertension)
s/s Answer - Medical emergency
Symptoms include morning headaches, blurred vision, dyspnea, uremia
Systolic may be > 200 mm Hg
Diastolic may be > 130 to 150 mm Hg
Hypertension: Etiology and Genetic Risk secondary Answer - Secondary
Kidney disease
•Other causes of secondary hypertension:
•Primary aldosteronism
•Pheochromocytoma
•Cushing disease
•Coarcation of the aorta
•Brain tumors
•Encephalitis
Pregnancy
DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Answer - Is a diet aimed
toward preventing HTN and decreasing HTN in those already diagnosed.
Diet is high in fruits and veggies, low-fat dairy, and high in potassium, calcium,
magnesium, and fiber. We want patients to have diets that are low in sodium,
less than 1500mg daily. Sodium causes water retention which increases blood
pressure.
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