Bio 669 Quiz 6 exam 2024/2025 with 100% correct answers
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Bio 669 Q
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Bio 669 Q
what are the component of the renal fascia? correct answersadipose tissue with a double layer of connective tissue over that.
what is renal ptosis? correct answerscondition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position that can cause kinking of the ureter and the renal vessels
Most c...
what are the component of the renal fascia? correct answersadipose tissue with a double layer of
connective tissue over that.
what is renal ptosis? correct answerscondition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position that
can cause kinking of the ureter and the renal vessels
Most common when large amounts of weight is lost.
what is the helium? correct answerswhere the renal vessels and the ureter exit
located in the concave part of the kidney's bean shape.
What does the nephron do? correct answersfilters plasma, retaining water and concentrating urine.
reabsorbs key substances, and secretes unneeded substances
helps form protein free fluid.
fluid volume, electrolyte balance and pH
what part of the nephron is the least extended into the medulla? correct answerscortical nephron
what part of the nephrons extend the furthest and tries to concentrate the most urine and preserve
water?? correct answersjuxtamedullary nephrons
what is are the nephrons made up of? correct answerscortical, midcorticol, juxtamedullary nephrons
what is makes up the renal corpuscle? correct answersthe glomerulus, the bowman capsule, and the
mesangial cells.
,What are mesangial cells? correct answersThey secrete ____ matrix and lie between and support the
glomerular capillaries (connective tissues cells). Some contract similar to smooth muscle cells to regulate
glomerular capillary blood flow.
part immune cell: they have phagocytic properties and release inflammatory cytokines and growth
factors.
and signal as to what gets filtered and how fast the rate of renal blood flow.
What does the Bowman's capsule do? correct answershelps to contain and capture any fluid that leaks
out of the glomerulus
What is the glomerulus? correct answersball of capillaries, that filters fluid out of the capillary.
what are principle cells and where are they found? correct answersfound in distal tubule and reabsorb
sodium and secretes potassium (Works with aldosterone)
what are intercalated cells? correct answerssecrete H+ and reabsorb K and HCO3
(involved in acid base)
What do juxtaglomerular cells do? correct answersrelease renin
have the ability to constrict the glomerular capillaries when needed by sensing pressure in the afferent
tubules.
Modified smooth muscle cells
What does the macula densa do? correct answerssenses sodium levels =determine the need to increase
or decrease the flow rate
high sodium= increased flow rate
low sodium= decreased flow rate
, What does the proximal convoluted tubule do? correct answersactive reabsorption of sodium but also
ions (sodium, chloride), and all organic nutrients (glucose, amino acids, vitamins)
small amounts of secretion of periamin hippuric acid.
what does glumerulotubular balance do? correct answersadjusts sodium and water reabsorption
as GFR drops= higher sodium and water reabsorption
as GFR increases= less sodium and water reabsorption
What does the descending loop of henle do? correct answerspermeable to water and increases
concentration enhancing water reabsorption
what does the ascending loop of henle do? correct answersactively pumps sodium out= loss of salt and
retention of water that changes concentration (much more diluted water)
what is the glomerular filtration membrane made up of? correct answers3 layers:
1. inner capillary endothelium
2. basement membrane
3. Outer capillary endothelium- podocytes and epithelial cells= filtration slits.
What are filtration slits? correct answersGaps of podocyte that allow for more filtration of small
molecules ( sodium and glucose) out, but large molecules (blood, globulins etc) stay in.
What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus made up of? correct answersjuxtaglomerular cells and macula
densa
What does the distal convoluted tubule do? correct answersReabsorbs ions/water and Regulates
water/electrolyte balance
What does the loop of Henle do? correct answersconcentrates or dilutes urine
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