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NUR 354 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 354 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 354 Final Exam Questions withCorrect Answers
what type of sunscreen should be worn to prevent skin cancer? - Answer-SPF 15 (30)
how long before planning on going out in the sun should sun screen be applied? -
Answer-20-30 minutes before sun exposure
how often should sun screen be reapplied? - Answer-every 2 hours
what are medications that increase sun sensitivity (photosensitivity)? - Answer--
furosemide (Lasix)
-diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
-azitrhomycin (Zithromax)
-tetracycline
what level of prevention are monthly self skin exams? - Answer-secondary
how often should self skin exams take place? - Answer-monthly
what does ABCDE stand for in regards to skin cancer? - Answer-Asymmetrical
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving
what are concerns about a mole changing into skin cancer? - Answer--increasing size
-flat to raised
-pruritic
-bleeding
-painful
where does basal cell carcinoma generally appear? - Answer-sun exposed areas of the
body (face, arms, ears, legs)
how does basal cell carcinoma generally begin? - Answer-small, waxy nodule with
rolled, translucent, pearly borders
what type of skin cancer is a small, waxy nodule with rolled, translucent, pearly
borders? - Answer-basal cell carcinoma
what type of vessels are generally present with basal cell carcinoma? - Answer-
telangiectatic
,what skin cancer are telangiectatic vessels present in? - Answer-basal cell carcinoma
how does basal cell carcinoma change as it grows? - Answer-waxy nodule-->undergoes
central ulceration and sometimes crusting
where does squamous cell carcinoma arise from? - Answer--sun-damaged skin
-normal skin
-pre-existing skin lesions
what are leukoplakia? - Answer-brown, raised, scratchy skin spots that are
precancerous conditions of squamous cell carcinoma
what are clinical manifestations of squamous cell carcinoma? - Answer-rough,
thickened, scaly tumor that may be asymptomatic or bleeding
what type of skin cancer is a rough, thickened, scaly tumor a manifestation of? -
Answer-squamous cell carcinoma
how may the border of a squamous cell carcinoma lesion differ from a basal cell
carcinoma region? - Answer-border may be wider, more infiltrated and more
inflammatory than BCC lesion
where are common sites of squamous cell carcinoma? - Answer-exposed areas,
especially:
-upper extremities and face
-lower lip
-ears
-nose
-forehead
what type of skin cancer is a cancerous neoplasm in which atypical melanocytes are
present in the epidermis and the dermis? - Answer-malignant melanoma
what are the three types of surgery for skin cancer? - Answer-1. Mohs' Micrographic
surgery
2. Electrosurgery
3. Cryosurgery and radiation therapy
4. Radiation therapy
what is Mohs' Micrographic surgery? - Answer-when skin lesion is horizontally removed
microscopically
what is Electrosurgery for skin cancer? - Answer-skin lesions are burned off
what is Cryosurgery for skin cancer? - Answer-skin lesions are froze off along
, when is radiation therapy used for skin cancer? - Answer-cancer of:
-the eyelid
-tip of the nose
-areas in or near vital structures
what type of treatment is used for skin cancer in or near vital structures? - Answer-
radiation therapy
what is important to inform patients who receive radiation therapy for skin cancer
treatment? - Answer--skin may become red and blistered
-avoid exposure to the sun
what is the only way skin cancer is diagnosed? - Answer-by biopsy and histologic
(under a microscope) evaluation
what is a sentinel node? - Answer-lymph node closest to the cancer
what is the name of the lymph node closest to the cancer? - Answer-sentinel node
what are ways to rule out metastasis from skin cancer? - Answer--regional lymph node
dissection
-sentinel node biopsy
where do head and neck cancers originate from? - Answer-squamous cells that line
mucosal surfaces
what are risk factors for head and neck cancer? - Answer--prolonged alcohol and any
tobacco use
-age >50y/o
-male
-poor nutrition
-African American
what are clinical manifestations of head and neck cancer? - Answer--painless oral ulcer
or growth
-leukoplakia
-erythroplakia
-hoarseness or voice change
-feeling of lump in throat
late signs:
-unilateral throat or ear pain
-dysphagia
-airway obstruction
-lymphadenopathy
what is leukoplakia? - Answer--"smokers' patch"
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