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Exam (elaborations)

NURS 354 exam 1 (100% Correct)

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  • NURS 354

type 1 diabetes - ANSWERScharacterized by a destruction of pancreatic beta cells; these patients no longer have the ability to produce insulin - typically diagnosed before age 30

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  • November 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • NURS 354
  • NURS 354
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NURS 354 exam 1 (100% Correct)
type 1 diabetes - ANSWERScharacterized by a destruction of pancreatic beta cells;
these patients no longer have the ability to produce insulin
- typically diagnosed before age 30

diabetic ketoacidosis - ANSWERSacidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone
bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar

manifestations:
- polyuria
- polydipsia
- N/V
- fatigue
- fruity breath
- blurry vision
- Kussmaul's respirations

type 2 diabetes - ANSWERScommon in those over 30 with obesity
typically stems from insulin resistance

typical symptoms of type 2 diabetes - ANSWERSfatigue
irritability
polyuria
polydipsia
poor wound healing
vaginal infections
blurred vision

prevention for type 2 diabetes - ANSWERSappropriate lifestyle changes

criteria for type 2 diabetes diagnosis - ANSWERSevidence of symptoms plus:
- casual plasma glucose > 200 mg/dL
or
- two hour postload glucose > 200 mg/dL
or
- hemoglobin A1C > 6.5%

complications of type 2 diabetes - ANSWERSHHS
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy

rapid acting insulin - ANSWERSlispro, aspart, glulisine

, ONSET: 5-30 minutes

PEAK: 30-90 minutes

DURATION: 3-5 hr

indication for rapid acting insulin - ANSWERSrapid reduction of glucose level
treat postprandial hyperglycemia
prevent nocturnal hypoglycemia

short acting insulin - ANSWERSregular

ONSET: 30-60 minutes

PEAK: 2-3 hr

DURATION: 4-6 hr

indications for short acting insulin - ANSWERSgiven 15 minutes before meals to
prevent hyperglycemia
(can be given in combination with longer-acting insulin)

intermediate acting insulin - ANSWERSNPH

ONSET: 1-1.5 hr

PEAK: 4-12 hr

DURATION: up to 24 hr

*eat a snack at time of peak and onset

long acting insulin - ANSWERSglargine detemir

ONSET: 3-6 hr

PEAK: continuous

DURATION: 24 hr

indications for long acting insulin - ANSWERSused for basal dose
given once a day

rapid & short acting insulin - ANSWERSexpected to cover the increase in glucose levels
after meals, immediately after injection is given

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