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BIO 252 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED RATED A
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BIO 252 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED RATED A
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BIO 252 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATESTUPDATED RATED A.
What are the 3 things used to neutralize acidic chyme
✔✔Bile from liver
Pancreatic Juice (aqueous part) from Pancreas
Intestinal Juices (Secretine secreted from enteroendocrine cells in S.I.)
Secretin (What it do)
✔✔stimulated by acidic chyme
increases bicarbonate into pancreas
CCK (What it do)
✔✔stimulated by fatty chyme
increases output of pancreatic juice which has an aqueous component to
make it more alkaline as well as the enzymatic component which contains
the inactive proteolytic enzymes plus lipase and amylase.
Gallbladder
✔✔Does not secrete anything, just stores bile
hepatic portal vein
✔✔the vein that collects blood from the GI tract and conducts it to the
liver
,In regards to the 3 regions of the small intestine, where is most of the
absorption
✔✔Duodenum and Jejunum, 9 of the 10 liters daily
The Illeum recycles the rest
Digestion of Proteins in Digestive Tract
✔✔Eat a protein (wut)
First stop in digestion of protein is in stomach with pepsin. (Breaks into
large polypeptides)
Next stop in digestion of protein is in S.I./Duodenum with inactive
trypsinogen coming from pancreas and becoming trypsin. (Now small
polypeptides)
Final Digestion of protein is still in small intestine is the brush border
enzymes which is how it enters the enterocytes because it is broken into
amino acids.
Absorption of Proteins in Digestive Tract
✔✔Amino acids are absorbed via cotransport, piggy back of off Na+ ions.
This is not passive, it is secondary active. Then goes into fenstrated
capillaries where it travels through the Hepatic Portal System to the liver.
No long term storage of amino acids, circulate for 1 day
, How is the Na+ gradient maintained when it is used for cotransport
✔✔The good ole Na+/K+ pump
What can be digested in the mouth?
✔✔
Digestion of Carbohydrates in Digestive Tract
✔✔Eat carbs (donuts soda)
first step in digestion of carbs is in your mouth because your saliva has
amylase.
Second step is in the small intestine with the amylase in the pancreatic
juice.
Absorption of Carbs in Digestive Tract
✔✔Same as proteins,
enters the enterocytes via cotransport with Na+
For some reason fructose passes via facilitated diffusion which is passive.
Can we store carbs?
✔✔YUHHH
glycogen is glucose storage
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