NURS 3119 Cardiovascular Meds Exam 5
Questions With Correct Answers
What are the 5 Classifications for Cardiovascular Meds? - answer✔>Cardiac glycosides
>Adrenergic agonists
>Organic nitrates
>Antidysrhythmic medication
>Antilipemic agents
What is Heart Failure? - answer✔Heart can't pump enough blood to supply the whole body
>The demand for blood (and everything it does) is unmet
>Can be systolic or diastolic failure or right or left sided failure -Left is main focus of your text
Describe the Systoli Phase. - answer✔Phase of heartbeat where blood is pumped out of the
heart
Describe Diastoli Phase. - answer✔Phase of heartbeat where heart fills with blood
Describe Systolic Heart Failure. - answer✔Heart doesn't pump blood with enough force
>Muscle is weaker and doesn't pump as strong and less blood is ejected
Describe Diastolic Heart Failure. - answer✔Heart doesn't fill as much due to thickened stuff
muscles and less blood is ejected
>Affects heart rate, stroke volume, preload and afterload
What is Ejection Fraction? - answer✔The amount of blood estimated to be pumped out of the
LV to the rest of the body with each heartbeat
>Normal range is 50-75%
>Systolic dysfunction occurs when EF falls below 50%
What are Medications that Treat Heart Failure? - answer✔>Diuretics
>RAAS meds
>Beta Blockers
>Cardiac glycosides (if not able to control manifestations)
What are Examples of Cardiac Glycosides? - answer✔Digoxin
What is the Mechanism of Action of Cardiac Glycosides? - answer✔>Positive inotropic effect
meaning increase in force of myocardial contraction (improves stroke volume)
>Negative chronotropic effect meaning a decrease in heart rate (digoxin slows the rate of SA
node depolarization and the rate of impulses through the conduction system of the heart)
What is Digoxin Used as the 2nd Line of Treatment for? - answer✔>Heart failure
>Dysrhythmias (atrial fibrillation)
What are Complications of Digoxin? - answer✔>Dysrhythmias and cardiotoxicity leading to
bradycardia
>Increased risk with hypokalemia, increased serum levels of digoxin, and heart disease (older
clients particularly at risk)
>Digoxin toxicity
What are Nursing Interventions for Digoxin? - answer✔>Monitor K+ levels - 3.5-5
>Monitor for s/s of hypokalemia - nausea, vomiting, general weakness
>Consume high K+ foods - green leafys, bananas, potatoes
>Monitor digoxin level - therapeutic 0.8-2, Toxic is >2.4
>Monitor pulse rate - should assess apical pulse for 1 minute prior to administering - hold if <
60
What are Complications of Digoxin Toxicity? Nursing Interventions? -
answer✔COMPLICATIONS:
>First sign often GI - anorexia, N/V, abd pain
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