Pros/Cons of Biological Model - Answer-Pros:
-Clear links to several disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar)
-increased knowledge of: genetic vulnerability, brain changes over time, effective
treatment w/ meds
Cons:
-Does not fully account for any mental disorder (doesn't account for causalit...
Psychology 250 exam 1 (WWU Olvera)
Pros/Cons of Biological Model - Answer-Pros:
-Clear links to several disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar)
-increased knowledge of: genetic vulnerability, brain changes over time, effective
treatment w/ meds
Cons:
-Does not fully account for any mental disorder (doesn't account for causality)
-Does not acknowledge important non-biological influences (culture, family)
Mental filter - Answer-Only paying attention to certain types of evidence
Noticing our failures but not seeing our successes
Psychodynamic Model - Answer-heavily influenced by Freud; unconscious forces,
childhood --> mental illness
conflict between id, ego, and superego result in anxiety
Defense mechanisms: (repression, regression, projection)
Psychic Determinism - Answer-all has meaning, purpose, is goal-directed (dreams, free
association, slips of tongue)
Pros/Cons of psychodynamic model - Answer-Pros: emphasis on childhood
experiences
defense mechanisms are logical (coping)
Cons: little/no empirical support
theory formed from anecdotal evidence
how can you measure abstract concepts like the id?
lack of experimental evidence
Humanistic Model - Answer-Needs, self-concept, control --> mental illness
Hierarchy of Needs - Answer-(Maslow) we have basic and higher order needs
lower needs must be met before moving on to self-actualization.
obstacles to achieving self-actualization result in mental illness
Positive regard - Answer-built off of Maslow's work, developing self-concept
shaped by environment
unconditional positive regard - Answer-freedom and control = good mental health
conditional postive regard - Answer-loss of control= mental illness
Existential approach - Answer-being inauthentic increases risk for social alienation
-people are fundamentally alone in the world
-meaningless + inauthenticity = mental disorder
Pros/cons of humanistic model - Answer-Pros:
-emphasis on personal responsibility
-emphasis on resilience
-emphasis on treatment process (respect, empathy)
Cons:
-lack of research support
-lack of utility for certain groups (schizophrenia)
-culturally bound?
Cognitive Behavioral Model - Answer-thoughts, learning --> mental illness
Classical conditioning - Answer-learning through association
Operant Conditioning - Answer-learning through reward and punishment (ex: dieting
and weight loss)
Schemas - Answer-framework/expectation based on prior knowledge (ex: the world is
unsafe)
Cognitive Distortions - Answer-Inaccurate 'filters' of events
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