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UCI BIO 93 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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UCI BIO 93 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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UCI BIO 93 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWhat is a metabolic pathway? - Answers- A pathway that a molecule goes through,
resulting in a specific product.
What is metabolism? - Answers- The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
Gibbs free energy - Answers- Portion of a system that can perform work when temp
and pressure are uniform throughout the system.
What is a way to show change in free energy? - Answers-
What does a negative Delta G mean? - Answers- A process that is spontaneous
What does spontaneous mean? - Answers- Means that a process will occur.
What happens to the energy in a exergonic reaction? - Answers- It is released
What happens to the energy in an endergonic reaction? - Answers- It is consumed in
the reaction.
True or False
A cell must have endergonic and exergonic reactions - Answers- True
Is ATP Hydrolysis an exergonic or endergonic reaction? - Answers- Exergonic
Mechanical and Transport work are what kind of reactions? - Answers- Endergonic
Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? - Answers- All 3 phosphate groups
ate neg. charged, so there is mutual repulsion within all of them
What do enzymes do? - Answers- Lower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
What does the suffix -ase usually mean? - Answers- An enzyme
How does an exergonic energy profile look like? - Answers-
Enzymes are biological ___________ - Answers- Catalysts
What is the site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells? - Answers- Mitochondria
In Biology, what is another word for the addition of electrons to a substance? -
Answers- Reduction
, In Biology, what is another word for the loss of electrons to a substance? - Answers-
Oxidation
What is cellular respiration? - Answers- Catabolic reactions used to generate ATP
Where does glycolysis happen? - Answers- In the cytosol
What is glycolysis? - Answers- The breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of a
compound of pyruvate.
What happens in the citric acid cycle? - Answers- The breakdown of glucose to carbon
dioxide is completed.
What is stage 1 of cellular respiration? - Answers- Glycolysis
What is stage 2 of cellular respiration? - Answers- Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid
cycle
What is stage 3 of cellular respiration? - Answers- Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is the purpose of NADH? - Answers- Transfers electrons from food to electron
transport chain.
Pyruvate is converted to what compound? - Answers- Acetyl CoA
Where does the citric acid cycle occur? - Answers- In the mitochondrial matrix
What happens in substrate-level phosphorylation? - Answers- A substrate gives a
phosphate to ADP, making a product and ATP
Where does oxidative phosphorylation happen? - Answers- The inner mitochondrial
membrane
About how many ATP/Glucose is made during cellular respiration? - Answers- 30-32
What is ATP Synthase? - Answers- An enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic
phosphates.
What is chemiosmosis? - Answers- energy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a
membrane is used to drive cellular work.
Establishing the H+ gradient is a major function of what? - Answers- The electron
transport chain
What 2 processes can oxidize organic fuel and generate ATP without oxygen? -
Answers- Fermentation and anaerobic respiration
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