Imbalance – Electrolytes Questions and Answers with Certified Solutions
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Imbalance – Electrolytes
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Imbalance – Electrolytes
Imbalance – Electrolytes Questions and
Answers with Certified Solutions
What is a key sign of severe dehydration in infants?
Sunken fontanelles and dry mouth.
How can chronic renal failure lead to hyperkalemia?
The kidneys are unable to excrete potassium efficiently.
What symptom wo...
Imbalance – Electrolytes Questions and
Answers with Certified Solutions
What is a key sign of severe dehydration in infants?
✔✔ Sunken fontanelles and dry mouth.
How can chronic renal failure lead to hyperkalemia?
✔✔ The kidneys are unable to excrete potassium efficiently.
What symptom would suggest hypomagnesemia in a patient?
✔✔ Neuromuscular irritability, such as muscle twitches.
Why would a patient with hyperparathyroidism have high calcium levels?
✔✔ Overactive parathyroid glands increase calcium release from bones.
How does hypophosphatemia affect red blood cells?
✔✔ It can reduce their ability to deliver oxygen efficiently.
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,What effect does hyponatremia have on cells in the brain?
✔✔ It causes them to swell, potentially leading to increased intracranial pressure.
What symptom is commonly seen in patients with severe hyperkalemia?
✔✔ Irregular heartbeats and potential cardiac arrest.
How might a patient with dehydration present upon examination?
✔✔ Low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and dry skin.
What electrolyte imbalance is most commonly linked to osteoporosis?
✔✔ Chronic hypocalcemia
What symptom is commonly associated with hyperkalemia?
✔✔ Muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias
How does hyponatremia typically affect a patient’s mental status?
✔✔ It can cause confusion and lethargy.
2
,What is a common cause of hypocalcemia in post-operative patients?
✔✔ Damage or removal of the parathyroid glands.
Why might a patient with heart failure develop fluid retention?
✔✔ Due to the kidneys retaining sodium and water to compensate for poor cardiac output.
What clinical sign can indicate hypomagnesemia?
✔✔ Tremors and increased deep tendon reflexes.
Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to cause muscle cramping in athletes?
✔✔ Hypokalemia
How does hypercalcemia affect muscle function?
✔✔ It leads to muscle weakness and decreased reflexes.
What would you assess for in a patient with suspected hypophosphatemia?
✔✔ Muscle weakness, bone pain, and potential respiratory issues.
3
, Why is potassium balance crucial for cardiac health?
✔✔ Potassium helps regulate the heart’s electrical activity.
What might be a sign of hypernatremia in an elderly patient?
✔✔ Extreme thirst and dry, sticky mucous membranes.
Why is hypokalemia a concern for patients on diuretics?
✔✔ Diuretics can increase potassium excretion, leading to deficiency.
How does dehydration affect serum sodium levels?
✔✔ It can cause hypernatremia due to water loss exceeding sodium loss.
What could prolonged vomiting cause in terms of electrolyte imbalance?
✔✔ Hypochloremia and hypokalemia.
What symptom might you observe in a patient with severe hypocalcemia?
✔✔ Numbness and tingling in the extremities.
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