Chemistry Semester 1 Final Review Guide
Questions With Verified Answers
Define Chemistry:
Define Matter: - answer✔Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.
Matter is the "stuff" of which the universe is composed; it as mass and it occupies space.
Distinguish physical from chemical properties; physical and chemical changes. -
answer✔Physical Properties: substance shows by itself, without interacting with another
substance.
Chemical Properties: Properties a substance shows on interaction with other substances.
Physical Change: Change that only affects physical properties. Leads to a different form of the
same substance.
Chemical Change: Substance (s) are changed into NEW substances.
Physical or Chemical change?
Pounding Al into sheets...
Melting Butter....
A car rusting...
Mg Burning...
Koolaid dissolving.... - answer✔Physical
Physical
Chemical
Chemical
Physical
Compare exothermic and endothermic reactions:
wood burning...
ice melting.... - answer✔exo
endo
What is exothermic? - answer✔energy (heat) flows out of the system into the surroundings.
What is endothermic? - answer✔energy (heat) flows from the surroundings into the system.
Distinguish between atoms, elements, molecules. - answer✔atoms: the smallest particle still
characterizing a chemical element
elements: substance containing ONE type of atom and is defined by its ATOMIC NUMBER (# of
protons in nucleus). can be bonded or "unbonded"
molecules: at least two atoms (same or different) held together by bonds behaving as a unit.
Define/ give examples of allotropes - answer✔An alletrope is a different molecular or
crystalline form of a element.
O₂/O₃, S/S₈,
3 allotropes of carbon = diamond, graphite, buckminsterfullerene.
What is a pure substance? - answer✔either a pure elect or a compound.
What is a homogeneous mixture? - answer✔a mixture that is the same throughout. dissolves
into something.
What is a heterogenous mixture? - answer✔a mixture containing regions with different
properties. example: sand and water.
What is a element? - answer✔Substance containing only one type of atom.
What is a compound? - answer✔Substance made by bonding atoms together in specific ways.
Two or more different types of atoms.
What is an alloy? - answer✔a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
Pure substance, homog mixt, heterog mix, element, or compound?
ice tea
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