Y106 OCR A LEVEL HISTORY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.Buy Quality Materials!
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Y106 OCR
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Y106 OCR
Y106 OCR A LEVEL HISTORY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.Buy Quality Materials!
What were the 'eras' of rule during the Protectorate?
Protectorate
Consists of:
- 1st Protectorate Parliament December 1653 - January 1655
- Rule of the Major Generals January 1655 - January 1657 (England split into 1...
Y106 OCR A LEVEL HISTORY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.Buy Quality Materials!
What were the 'eras' of rule during the Protectorate?
Protectorate 1653-1658
Consists of:
- 1st Protectorate Parliament December 1653 - January 1655
- Rule of the Major Generals January 1655 - January 1657 (England split into 10
regions rule by an army general. Policy of high taxation and extremism - highly
unpopular)
- 2nd Protectorate Parliament September 1656 - February 1658
- Rule with the Army February 1658 - September 1658
(Cromwell dies in September 1658)
What was the Instrument of Government and when was it introduced?
- December 1653
- The constitutional document that established the Protectorate. Written by John
Lambert, Cromwell became Lord Protector for life ("King in all but name")
- Council of State of 21 members
- Until Parliament met (September 1654) Cromwell could rule by ordinances (82 passed
before parliament met).
Context:
- Parliament had to meet for a minimum of 5 months every 3 years.
- Royalists not allowed to vote at first election
- Catholicism not tolerated by Instrument of Government.
When and why did the First Protectorate Parliament collapse?
- January 1655
- Cromwell suspended parliament after 100 MP's withdrew and refused to accept his
ordinances
(In periods of parliamentary recess Cromwell was able to rule via ordinances as Lord
Protector)
- Power>Religion in this period.
Context:
- Within the First Protectorate Parliament, Parliament itself had more power so could
'balance' out Cromwell's radical suggestions. Cromwell said he felt like "a child in
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