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TAMU Bio111 Exam 3 - Fletcher 100% Correct Latest Update
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TAMU Bio111 Exam 3 - Fletcher 100% Correct Latest Update...
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TAMU Bio111 Exam 3 - Fletcher 100% Correct Latest UpdateGriffith - ANSWER discovered transformation
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty - ANSWER Determined that DNA wasGriffith's hereditary
"Transforming Factor."
Hershey and Chase - ANSWER concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage
was DNA, not protein.
Chargaff - ANSWER Discovered the base pairing rules for DNA.
Wilkins and Franklin - ANSWER used x-ray crystallography to produce a picture of the
DNA molecule
Watson and Crick - ANSWER Figured out structure of DNA was a double helix
Structure of DNA - ANSWER Double Helix.
Antiparallel (5' -> 3' & 3' -> 5')
Sugar/Phosphate backbone
Nucleotides bonded on inside (A&T C&G)
Nucleotides and Directionality - ANSWER % A & T are equal
% C & G are equal
Together ATCG add to 100%
Directionality is important in replication/transcription/translation
, 2-nm fiber - ANSWER straight double helix
10-nm fiber** - ANSWER DNA winds around histones to form nucleosome "beads"
Nucleosomes are strung together like beads on a string by linker DNA
30-nm fiber - ANSWER More condensed. interactions between nucleosomes cause the
thin fiber to coil or fold into this thicker fiber
300-nm fiber - ANSWER forms looped domains that attach to proteins
700-nm fiber* - ANSWER chromatin ONLY seen in METAPHASE!
origin of replication - ANSWER Site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins
Topoisomerase - ANSWER corrects "overwinding" ahead of replication forks by
breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
replication fork - ANSWER a Y-shaped point that results when the two strands of a DNA
double helix separate so that the DNA molecule can be replicated
lagging strand - ANSWER DNA strand that discontinuously elongates by Okazaki
fragments, each synthesized in 3' to 5' direction AWAY from replication fork.
leading strand DNA strand synthesized continuously along the template strand
TOWARD the replication fork in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction
Helicase An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.
RNA Primer small section of RNA used as a primer to start DNA synthesis during
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