3. Cerebrum - ANSWER area of the brain responsible for voluntary activities
of the body
4. Cerebral cortex - ANSWER outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets
of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain
5. Lobes of the brain - ANSWER frontal: higher cognitive functions (motor)
parietal: spatial awareness and 3D representation (sensorimotor)
temporal: object processing and memory
occipital: vision and visual processing
,6. Brain sulci - ANSWER central sulcus: separates frontal and parietal
lateral sulcus: separates frontal and parietal from temporal
7. Broadmann areas - ANSWER primary and secondary visual cortex
primary somatosensory cortex: area of the parietal lobe where messages from
the sense receptors are registered
posterior parietal cortex: 3d map of the world
premotor cortex/area: voluntary muscle control
primary motor cortex: production of skilled movements
8. Corpus callosum - ANSWER band of neural fibers connecting the two brain
hemispheres and carrying messages between them
9. Basal ganglia - ANSWER collection of nuclei in cerebral hemispheres
parts: caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus
responsible for motor control (planning and initiation), motivation/reward, and
promotion/inhibition of movement
10. Hippocampus - ANSWER neural center located in the limbic system that
helps process explicit memories for storage.
11. Amygdala - ANSWER limbic system structure involved in memory and
emotion, particularly fear and aggression.
, 12. Diencephalon - ANSWER structures between midbrain and cerebrum
thalamus: distribute sensory and motor information to cortex
hypothalamus: regulate ANS and hormone secretion via pituitary gland
epithalamus
13. Brainstem - ANSWER midbrain: eye movements, skeletal muscle control,
relay for visual and auditory stimuli
pons: movement, relay information between cerebellum and cerebrum
medulla: contralateral control (decussation), postural reflexes, and
arousal/awareness
14. Cerebellum - ANSWER structure above and behind spinal cord
receives sensory input from spinal cord and motor information from cortex
posture, voluntary movement, planning, timing, learning, and coordination with
eye/hand
16. Peripheral nerve - ANSWER afferent: sensory
efferent: motor (final common pathway)
17. Main somatosensory pathway - ANSWER dorsal column tract: afferent
neuron in PNS to CNS
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