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WGU D116 Pharm (GI) - Questions With Complete Solutions
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WGU D116 Pharm (GI) - Questions With Complete Solutions
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WGU D116 Pharm (GI) - Questions With CompleteSolutions
Antisecretory agent that enhances mucosal defenses Right Ans -
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
Protects against NSAID-induced ulcers by stimulating secretion of bicarbonate
and mucus, maintains blood flow, suppressing secretion of gastric acid
Antiacids Right Ans - aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium
hydroxide
React with gastric acid to form neutral salts
Classes of anti secretory drugs Right Ans - -H2 receptor antagonists
(H2RA)
-Proton pump inhibitors (PPI)
-Mucosal protectant
-Anti secretory agent that enhances mucosal defenses
-Antiacids
Types of action: eradicate H pylori, decrease gastric acidity, enhance mucosal
defenses
H2 receptor antagonists Right Ans - -tidine
Cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), nuzatidine (axid), ranitidine
(Zantac)
*suppresses acid secretion by blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Right Ans - -prazole
Dexlansoprazole (dexilant), esomeprazole (nexium), lansoprazole (prevacid),
omeprazole (Prilosec), pantoprazole (protonix), ralbeprozole (aciphex)
*suppress acid secretion by inhibiting H+, K+-ATPase (enzyme that makes
gastric acid)
Mucosal protectant Right Ans - Sucralfate (carafate)
Forms barrier over ulcer crater that protects against acid and pepsin
Non drug therapy for PUD Right Ans - Diet: change eating pattern, 5-6
meals/day can decrease fluctuations in acid and promote healing
, Others: stop smoking, avoid NSAID's, evaluate if alcohol exacerbates
symptoms, if so, stop
Clarythromycin based triple therapy Right Ans - 1-clarythromycin
+amoxicillin+PPI
Or
2-clarythromycin+flagyl+PPI
Bismuth-Based Quadruple Therapy Right Ans - PPI or H2RA, bismuth
subsalicylate, tetracycline, metronidazole
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Right Ans - *class*: Histamine H2 antagonist,
antiulcer agent
*Indication*: treatment of duodenal ulcers, GERD, heartburn, Zollinger Ellison
syndrome, prevention of GI bleeding in critical patients.
*Action*: inhibits action of histamine leading to inhibition of gastric acid
secretion
*Nursing Considerations*:
- increases serum level of warfarin
- can lead to respiratory infection (green sputum)
- monitor for arryhtmias
- may cause agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
- monitor CBC during therapy
- take medication as directed
- instruct patient to increase fluid and fiber intake to decrease constipation
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) Right Ans - Group of upper GI disorders
characterized by varying degrees of erosion of esophagus, stomach, small
intestine
Patho of PUD Right Ans - Imbalance between mucosal defensive factors
and aggressive factors
Defense: mucus, bicarbonate, blood flow, prostaglandins
Aggressive: h. Pylori, nsaids, acid, pepsin, smoking
H. pylori Right Ans - Gram negative bacillus between epithelial cells and
mucus barrier, produces urease which firms CO2 and ammonia (potentially
toxic to mucosa), increases risk of CA, gastric mucosa-assoc lymphoid tissue
(MALT)
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