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PYC2605 EXAM PACK 2025 {DETAILED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS }
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PYC2605 EXAM PACK 2025 {DETAILED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS }
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lOMoAR cPSD| 49343224Downloaded by Vincent master (VINCENTKYALO920@GMAIL.COM)
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THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS 100+ QUESTIONS WITH THEIR VERIFIED
ANSWERS DISPLAYED AFTER ALL QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Nomsa lives with her four children, her brother and her mother in a small house in a
rural area of KwaZulu-Natal. Nomsa’s brother has Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome or Aids. This means that ___ .
(1) he has acquired the disease from green monkeys in central Africa
(2) he inherited the infection from his mother, just like his sister and her baby did
(3) he has acquired the disease from his sister due to their deficient living conditions
(4) an organism from outside the body attacked his immune system and rendered it
deficient
QUESTION 2
How would you explain to Nomsa’s brother what is meant by immune deficiency?
(1) The HI virus in your body is immune to any deficiencies caused by the syndrome.
(2) Your immune system can no longer protect your body against infections from
outside.
(3) The HI virus is deficient because it is a retrovirus.
(4) Your immune system is so deficient that it can only produce new viruses.
QUESTION 3
The reason why HIV - the virus that causes Aids - is so dangerous to human beings is
because HIV ‘hijacks’ the most important cells in the immune system, namely the (a)
____, and ‘forces’ them to (b) ____.
(1) (a) CD4+ T cells (b) manufacture more HI viruses
(2) (a) macrophages (b) kill all other invading organisms
(3) (a) CD4+ T cells (b) change the viral DNA to viral RNA
(4) (a) macrophages (b) stop initiating their chemical reactions which
kills viruses
QUESTION 4
Statistically, more women than men are infected with HIV in Africa. Why are women
more vulnerable to HIV infection than men?
(a) In general women’s living conditions are very poor and deprived, while men
usually have enough money to live comfortably.
(b) Women, as the recipients of semen, are exposed to the sexual fluids of their
partner(s) for a longer time than men.
(c) Men have stronger immune systems than women. Therefore women are also
more vulnerable to HIV infection than men.
(d) The area or surface that is exposed to the partner’s secretions during sexual
intercourse is larger in the case of women than in men.
The correct answer is:
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(1) (a) & (c)
(2) (a), (b) & (d)
(3) (b) & (d)
(4) (b), (c) & (d)
QUESTION 5
A person’s risk of HIV infection is increased when he or she ___ .
(a) lives in the same house as a person who has Aids
(b) is also infected with other sexually transmitted infections
(c) has a partner who frequently has unprotected sex
(d) is in constant contact with tuberculosis in the home
The correct answer is:
(1) (c)
(2) (b) & (c)
(3) (a) & (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) & (d)
QUESTION 6
Why are people with STIs (sexually transmitted infections) particularly vulnerable to
HIV infection?
(1) STIs, especially genital ulcers, make it easier for the HI virus to enter the body.
(2) HIV positive people are so promiscuous that they also spread STIs.
(3) The CD4+ T cells, which are turned into ‘virus factories’, occur only in the cells
surrounding the genitalia.
(4) People with STIs have very low antibody counts and this opens the ‘gates of the
immune system’ for all kinds of opportunistic diseases such as HIV, to attack
them.
QUESTION 7
Petra is HIV positive and the latest test results have revealed that her baby has the
virus too. How do you think Petra’s baby got infected?
(1) Petra’s baby definitely got infected during pregnancy, because the virus can pass
through the placenta from the mother to the baby.
(2) Petra’s baby definitely got infected during childbirth because there is always
blood involved during birth.
(3) The baby definitely got infected through breastfeeding because Petra breastfed
the baby and it is a known way for the virus to spread.
(4) It is difficult to say how Petra’s baby got infected, because it could have been
during pregnancy, during childbirth or through breastfeeding.
QUESTION 8
Petra decides to bottle feed her baby with formula milk. If you are the registered nurse
you would ___ .
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(1) give Petra six tins of baby milk powder and instruct her to read the instructions
on the tin before she prepares it
(2) refuse to give her the milk powder because you strongly believe that all mothers
should breastfeed their babies for at least two years
(3) show Petra how to prepare the milk by mixing the correct amount of powder in a
clean bottle with clean, boiled and cooled water
(4) explain to Petra how to prepare the milk by using less milk powder than
recommended so that there is enough milk left for her sick brother to boost his
immune system
QUESTION 9
HIV-infected people are considered to be most infectious soon after becoming infected
with the virus, and again when the symptoms of full-blown Aids appear, because ___
.
(1) sero-conversion has taken place
(2) people in these phases often do not know that they are infected
(3) the viral load in the infected person’s blood is very high during these phases
(4) the CD4+ T cells are depleted during these phases and cannot protect the
infected person
QUESTION 10
The asymptomatic phase of HIV infection is characterised by the following:
(1) The person is HIV positive, has no symptoms but can infect sex partners.
(2) The person is HIV false-positive, has no symptoms and cannot infect sex
partners.
(3) The person is HIV positive, has an array of minor symptoms and can infect sex
partners.
(4) The person is HIV negative, has no symptoms and cannot infect sex partners.
QUESTION 11
An opportunistic infection ___ .
(a) is caused by pathogens which usually do not attack a healthy immune system
(b) is always characterised by fever, weight loss and diarrhoea
(c) is characterised by a high CD4+ T cell count and a low viral count (d)
takes the ‘opportunity’ to attack a deteriorated immune system
The correct answer is:
(1) (b) & (c)
(2) (a) & (d)
(3) (a), (c) & (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) & (d)
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