UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam Questions And Answers.
What is a metabolic pathway? - (correct answer) -A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting in a specific product.
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What is metabolism? - (correct answer) -The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
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Gibbs free energy - (correct answer) -Portion of a system that can perform work when temp and pressure are uniform
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throughout the system.
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What is a way to show change in free energy? - (correct answer) -
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What does a negative Delta G mean? - (correct answer) -A process that is spontaneous
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What does spontaneous mean? - (correct answer) -Means that a process will occur.
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What happens to the energy in a exergonic reaction? - (correct answer) -It is released
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What happens to the energy in an endergonic reaction? - (correct answer) -It is consumed in the reaction.
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True or False
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A cell must have endergonic and exergonic reactions - (correct answer) -True
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Is ATP Hydrolysis an exergonic or endergonic reaction? - (correct answer) -Exergonic
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Mechanical and Transport work are what kind of reactions? - (correct answer) -Endergonic
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Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? - (correct answer) -All 3 phosphate groups ate neg. charged, so there
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is mutual repulsion within all of them
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What do enzymes do? - (correct answer) -Lower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
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What does the suffix -ase usually mean? - (correct answer) -An enzyme
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How does an exergonic energy profile look like? - (correct answer) -
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Enzymes are biological ___________ - (correct answer) -Catalysts
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What is the site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells? - (correct answer) -Mitochondria
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In Biology, what is another word for the addition of electrons to a substance? - (correct answer) -Reduction
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In Biology, what is another word for the loss of electrons to a substance? - (correct answer) -Oxidation
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, What is cellular respiration? - (correct answer) -Catabolic reactions used to generate ATP
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Where does glycolysis happen? - (correct answer) -In the cytosol
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What is glycolysis? - (correct answer) -The breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of a compound of pyruvate.
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What happens in the citric acid cycle? - (correct answer) -The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed.
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What is stage 1 of cellular respiration? - (correct answer) -Glycolysis
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What is stage 2 of cellular respiration? - (correct answer) -Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
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What is stage 3 of cellular respiration? - (correct answer) -Oxidative Phosphorylation
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What is the purpose of NADH? - (correct answer) -Transfers electrons from food to electron transport chain.
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Pyruvate is converted to what compound? - (correct answer) -Acetyl CoA
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Where does the citric acid cycle occur? - (correct answer) -In the mitochondrial matrix
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What happens in substrate-level phosphorylation? - (correct answer) -A substrate gives a phosphate to ADP, making a
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product and ATP
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Where does oxidative phosphorylation happen? - (correct answer) -The inner mitochondrial membrane
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About how many ATP/Glucose is made during cellular respiration? - (correct answer) -30-32
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What is ATP Synthase? - (correct answer) -An enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphates.
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What is chemiosmosis? - (correct answer) -energy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane is used to drive
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cellular work.
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Establishing the H+ gradient is a major function of what? - (correct answer) -The electron transport chain
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What 2 processes can oxidize organic fuel and generate ATP without oxygen? - (correct answer) -Fermentation and
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anaerobic respiration
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What is the distinction between fermentation and anaerobic respiration? - (correct answer) -Anaerobic respiration uses the
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electron transport chain
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What is anaerobic respiration? - (correct answer) -A process of harvesting chemical energy WITHOUT oxygen.
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What, simply, happens in alcohol fermentation? - (correct answer) -Pyruvate is converted into ethanol.
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What happens in lactic acid fermentation? - (correct answer) -Pyruvate is reduced by NADH to form lactate
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What is lactate? - (correct answer) -The ionized form of lactic acid
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How much ATP does fermentation yield? - (correct answer) -2
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What are obligate anaerobes? - (correct answer) -Organisms that only carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration.
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