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Chapter 1 - Computer Networks & The Internet Exam Questions and Answers
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Chapter 1 - Computer Networks & The Internet Exam Questions and Answers
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Chapter 1 - Computer Networks & TheInternet Exam Questions and Answers
What is the Internet ? - Answer-The interconnection of hundreds of millions of
computing devices throughout the world
OR
An infrastructure that provides services to applications
What is a host or end system ? - Answer-A device that is 'hooked up' to the internet
End systems are connected together by ? - Answer-Communication Links and Packet
Switches
Define Transmission Rate - Answer-the speed of a communication link measure usualy
in bits / second
What are examples of Packet Switches ? - Answer-Routers and Link-Layer switches
End systems access the internet through ? - Answer-Internet Service Providers (ISP)
What are the two most important internet protocols ? - Answer-Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP). These two protocols are typical paired
together forming the TCP/IP protocol suite
What is the difference between a distributed application and other applications? -
Answer-Distributed applications involve multiple systems and exchange data between
each other as part of their functionality
How can an end system provide its services to a distributed application? - Answer-
Using an application programming interface (API) that specifies how a program running
on one end system asks the internet infrastructure to deliver data to a specific
destination program running on another end system
What is a protocol ? - Answer-A protocol defines the format and the order of messages
exchanges between two or more communicating entities, as well as the actions taken
on the transmission and/or receipt of a message or other event
What two categories can hosts fall under as ? - Answer-Client and Server
What are the two most prevalant types of broadband residential access ? - Answer-
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and Cable
How is a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) obtained ? - Answer-From a telephone company.
Using phone campanies existing infrastructure for internet access
, How is Cable Internet obtained ? - Answer-From cable television. Using cable television
companies existing infrastructure for internet access
What is FTTH ? - Answer-Fibre To The Home. An initiative to bring Fibre optic internet
to residential homes. There are varying implementations of this
What is the difference between Guided and Un Guided Media - Answer-Guided Media
has a physical medium that data travels through where Un Guided Media uses open
space as the medium of transport. Guided is commonly found for LAN internet and Un
Guided for wireless
What is a message ? - Answer-A piece of data being transferred from one device to
another
What is a packet ? - Answer-A message broken down into smaller chunks/units of data
What is Store-And-Forward Transmission? - Answer-A transmission format mostly
packet switches use and the inputs of the links. Store-And-Forward is the concept that a
packet must be fully received (store) before it begins transmitting the first bit of the pack
in the outbound link (forward)
What is queue delay ? - Answer-The output buffer / output queue stores packets
needing to be sent through the outbound link. When there is alot of congestion on the
link a backup occurs and outgoing packets are stored on the output buffer / output
queue until they can be processed. This creates a queue delay
What is packet loss ? - Answer-Since the output buffer / output queue has finite space,
when the queue becomes full and there is no space to store the packet
What does a packet switch use to determine where to send a packet ? - Answer-The
forwarding table. This may point it to its final destination or progress it closer to its
destination
What is the difference between packet switching and circuit switching ? - Answer-1)
Circuit switching reserves 100% of the line until the transmission is complete
2) Packet switching uses resources on demand
3) Circuit switching has minimal switch delay
4) Packet switching may suffer switch delay pending on link congestion
5)Packet switching offers more sharing of transmission capacity
6)Packet switching is simpler, more cost efficient, and efficient
What are 'silent periods' - Answer-In circuit switching this is when a link is idle and using
none of its reserved bandwidth. This is wasteful.
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