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Exam (elaborations)

Emergency Medicine Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+

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  • Emergency Medicine

Emergency Medicine Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+ Initial steps in stabilizing a patient - CDAB * Circulation (rapid CPR to reestablish circulation) * Defibrillaiton - Airway - Breathing - the main goal is to restore effective oxygenation,ventilation and circulation unti...

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  • November 15, 2024
  • 32
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine
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JOSHCLAY
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Emergency Medicine Exam Questions

and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+


Initial steps in stabilizing a patient - ✔✔CDAB

* Circulation (rapid CPR to reestablish circulation)

* Defibrillaiton

- Airway

- Breathing



- the main goal is to restore effective oxygenation,ventilation and circulation

until return of spontaneous circulation or ACLS

Where do you check pulses - ✔✔Bilateral carotid and femoral pulses =

most reliable

- No pulse, start CPR immediately (2 minutes fast and hard and then switch

out)

- Never stop doing CPR until pulse is present (CPR while defibrillator is

charging, stop for electric discharge, and continue CPR)

,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
What do you do with weak/thready pulses - ✔✔- Start IVF resuscitaiton - IV

access or IO as second option

- Thready pulses indicate hypotension and poor perfusion

- Check frequent BP to reassess

What is defibrillation - ✔✔Shock to electrically terminate abnormal heart

rate and restart.

- The earlier a fibrillating heart is defibrillated, the more successful (survival

drops by 10% with each minute)

How do you assess Airway? - ✔✔- HEAD TILT-CHIN LIFT: assess if

airway is obstructed vs. open - look for foreign body, vomit, blood.

- JAW THRUST - if C-spine injury suspected

- 30 compressions for every 2 breaths

- Give one breath every 5-6 sections (don't over-ventilate the patient)

Advanced airway techniques - ✔✔- LMA: Laryngeal Mask Airway

- Cricothyroidotomy -surgical airway done as last resort when unable to

maintain oxygenation with other methods

Breathing - ✔✔- Pay attention to resp rate, breathing pattern (normal vs.

agonic breaths)

- O2 sats - goal is > 94%

,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
- Chest rise/tidal volume

- Waveform Capnography: measures CO2 input and output. Best measure

for assessing ventilation

- Bag-valve-mask helps patients with poor or inadequate respiration.

** it saves lives!!

Supplemental O2 - ✔✔- All cardiac arrest patients get 100% O2

- Room air= 21%

- Nasal cannula O2 - raises FiO2 by 2-3% per liter. Normally give 1-6

Liters/minute

- Non-rebreather mask --> you are receiving 100% O2

How do you monitor CDAB? - ✔✔- Reassess circulation: compression,

check cardiac rhythm, pulse, give meds to help Bp or rhythm prn

- Monitor Oxygen and IV

- DDx -goalis to find and treat reversible causes

What should be done after CDAB's? - ✔✔- VITAL SIGNS!!

What are the vital signs - ✔✔- HR/pulse: 60-100

- Bp: 120/80

- Resp rate: 16-20

- Temp 97-99

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
- O2 sat > 94%

- Pain!!! - 6th vital sign

Pain scale for infants - ✔✔FLACC

Face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (0, 1, 2)

EMTALA - ✔✔Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act

- hospitals are obligated to screen/treat a patient in the ER regardless of

insurance

- if a emergency medical condition exists - they must stabilize the patient

before transferring or d/c the pt

- an emergency condition is anything with an abromal vital sign

Triage - ✔✔"trier" - to separate, sift or select based on priority of condition

Emergency Severity Index - ✔✔- Categorize based on severity: 1 to 5

1 - most severe: cyanotic/not breathing - unreseponsive or not talking

2 - MI (life threatening but talking)

3- appendicitis/ abdomino pelvic pain

4- ankle swelling, broken leg

5- suture removal

* Things you can physically see on a patient tent to be a category 4 or 5 =

FAST TRACTS (ie broken arm, small cut)

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