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Nursing 301 Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - Chapter 7 (Exam with verified solutions)
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Nursing 301 Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - Chapter 7 (Exam with verified solutions)
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Nursing 301: Fluid and ElectrolyteImbalances - Chapter 7
(Exam with verified solutions)
The body is composed of __% water
60%
Major functions of Electrolytes and Proteins in the body: (2)
1. Deliver nutrients and electrolytes to the cells
2. Carry away waste products from cellular metabolism
Water in the body can be found in (3) fluid compartments:
1. ICF (Intracellular Fluid Compartment)
2. ECF (Extracellular Fluid Compartment)
3. ISF (Interstitial Fluid Compartment)
The ___ compartment is located inside of the cells
ICF (Intracellular Fluid Compartment)
The ___ compartment is located within the bloodstream
ECF (Extracellular Fluid Compartment)
The ___ compartment is located between the Intracellular and
Extracellular compartments
ISF (Interstitial Fluid Compartment)
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
How much of the bodies water is contained in the ICF?
2/3
How much of the bodies water is contained in the ECF?
1/3
Located in vascular parts of the body; contains Plasma
,Intravascular Fluid Compartment
Fluid Balance
- 40% of total body weight is the water contained here
- Water can diffuse out and cause cell shrinkage or cellular
dehydration
- Water can enter and cause cell swelling or cellular edema
Intracellular Fluid Compartment (ICF)
Fluid Balance
- 20% of total body weight is the water contained here
- Most of this is found within the intravascular compartment or
blood vessels
- Contains electrolytes, oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients to be
delivered to cells as well as cellular waste products designated for
excretion
Extracellular Fluid Compartment (ECF)
Fluid Balance
- Fluid is filtrate of the blood
- Located between the cells and between the cells and capillaries
- Contains water and electrolytes, mainly sodium (Na+)
- Lacks proteins because they are too large to diffuse out of blood
vessels into the interstitial spaces
- During inflammation, capillary membranes become extra
permeable; pores enlarge allowing proteins such as WBC out to the
tissues
Interstitial Fluid Compartment (ISF)
Pushing force exerted by water in the bloodstream (ECF) into the
ICF
Hydrostatic Pressure
What is the source of Hydrostatic Pressure?
The heart's pulsatile pumping action
Explain the hearts' role in Hydrostatic Pressure:
, The heart's pulsatile pumping action exerts an outward force that
pushes water through the capillary membrane pores into the ISF
and ICF compartments
Hydrostatic Pressure:
____ water, _____ pressure
Less; Less
According to Starlings Law of Capillary Forces, Hydrostatic Pressure
pushes water outward from the ____ to the ____ at the capillary-cell
interface
ECF; IFC
Pressure exerted by the solutes in solution
Osmotic Pressure
In the bloodstream, Osmotic Pressure is exerted by what?
Electrolytes - mainly sodium ions and plasma proteins
Osmotic Pressure is a force that pulls water into the bloodstream
from the ___ and ___ and opposes Hydrostatic Pressure at all
capillary membranes
ICF and ISF
Osmotic Pressure
When a membrane such as a cell membrane separates two solutions
with different Osmotic Pressures, fluid will move from the solution
with ___ Osmotic Pressure into the solution with the ___ Osmotic
Pressure
lower; higher
- High osmotic pressure in the bloodstream favors fluid movement
from the ICF and ISF into the blood stream
Osmotic Pressure
When the Osmotic Pressure is reduced, fluid moves out of the _______
and into ____ and _______ spaces
Bloodstream; interstitial and intracellular
According to Starlings Law of Capillary Forces, Osmotic Pressure
pulls water from the ____ into the ____ at every capillary-cell interface
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