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PHAR 100 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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PHAR 100 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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PHAR 100 Midterm Exam Questions andAnswers
Which one of the following statements correctly matches the scientist with their drug
discovery?
a. Paul Ehrlich designed organoarsenicals, which selectively bound to parasites, leading
to a cure for syphilis.
b. Streptomycin was introduced for the treatment of tuberculosis by Alexander Fleming.
c. Domagk discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, during the First World War.
d. Sulfa drugs were introduced into therapy by Waksman to treat bacterial disea -
Answers -a. Paul Ehrlich designed organoarsenicals, which selectively bound to
parasites, leading to a cure for syphilis.
The sound and long-established way to prove or disprove the value of a new medication
or treatment is a controlled study. This includes:
a. Patients are selected and assigned to various test groups based on their
characteristics.
b. All patients receive the new drug or the control drug (gold-standard or placebo), on
alternating days.
c. The people who administer the drugs do not know who is receiving the new drug or
the control drug.
d. The outcomes measured should preferably be subjective - Answers -c. The people
who administer the drugs do not know who is receiving the new drug or the control drug.
.
Drug A can only relieve pain of mild intensity. Drug B, on the other hand, relieves pain
of very marked intensity. From this information, one can conclude that:
a) Drug A has greater efficacy than Drug B.
b) Drug B has greater efficacy than Drug A.
c) Drug A is more potent than Drug B.
,d) Drug B is more potent than Drug - Answers -b) Drug B has greater efficacy than Drug
A.
The therapeutic range is best described as?
a. The maximum pharmacological response that can be produced by a specific drug in
that biological system.
b. The dose or concentration of a drug that is required to produce a response of a
certain magnitude, usually 50% of the maximal response for that drug.
c. The dose that is appropriate to treat most individuals.
d. The range of plasma concentrations where the drug is effective but toxicities usually
do not occur - Answers -d. The range of plasma concentrations where the drug is
effective but toxicities usually do not occur
The ultra-short duration of action of thiopental is due to:
a. Redistribution of the drug from the brain to muscle and fat.
b. Rapid breakdown in the liver.
c. Poor penetration into the brain.
d. Rapid excretion by the kidney - Answers -a. Redistribution of the drug from the brain
to muscle and fat.
Penicillin has the ability to combine with proteins to form antigens, and a small
percentage of the population receiving penicillin experience adverse effects. These
adverse effects are properly classified as:
a. An extension of the therapeutic effect.
b. Teratogenesis.
c. A drug allergy.
d. Drug addiction - Answers -c. A drug allergy.
The TD50 of a drug in rats was found to be 50 milligrams/kilogram. The ED50 of the
same drug in rats was 1 milligram/kilogram. From this information, one can calculate
that the therapeutic index of the drug in rats is:
a.0.02
,b.50
c.49
d.51 - Answers -b.50
The primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is:
a. Acetylcholine
b. Glutamate
c. Norepinephrine
d. GABA - Answers -b. Glutamate
Which one of the following statements regarding neurotransmission
is correct?
a. Chemical transmitters have specific binding sites on the cell membrane called
retinoids.
b. Chemical transmission is usually terminated by diffusion of the transmitter out of the
synaptic cleft.
c. Chemical transmission is a slow process taking several minutes.
d. Most synaptic transmission is chemically mediate - Answers -d. Most synaptic
transmission is chemically mediate
Which one of the following substance dependence definitions is correct?
a. Tolerance is defined as a state in which repeated administration of a given dose of
drug has progressively greater pharmacological response.
b. Addiction is an abnormal state produced by repeated administration of a drug that
leads to the appearance of a withdrawal syndrome when the drug is stopped.
c. Drug use is reinforced by the pleasurable effect produced by a drug.
d. Dependence rarely occurs under conditions where the drug is prescribed by a
physician - Answers -c. Drug use is reinforced by the pleasurable effect produced by a
drug.
The administration of amphetamines can result in:
, a. Decreased state of alertness
b. Hypothermia
c. Insomnia
d. decreased respiration - Answers -c. Insomnia
Which one of the following statements regarding nicotine
is correct?
a. Nicotine is the component in cigarette smoke responsible for the lung cancer risk.
b. Carbon monoxide is the component in cigarette smoke which is responsible for the
dependence potential.
c. Tolerance invariably develops to the euphoric effect of nicotine.
d. Nicotine and carbon monoxide are believed to be agents in cigarette smoke which
cause cardiovascular disease. - Answers -d. Nicotine and carbon monoxide are
believed to be agents in cigarette smoke which cause cardiovascular disease.
Which one of the following is the correct mechanism of action of caffeine?
a. Releases transmitters from sympathetic nerve endings.
b. Inhibits uptake of dopamine.
c. Binds to and activates GABA receptors.
d. Blocks adenosine receptor - Answers -d. Blocks adenosine receptor
The use of amphetamines by athletes:
a. Often results in a less than 5% increase in athletic performance
b. Results in no increase in athletic performance
c. Decreases aggressive behaviour during competition
d. Decreases mental acuity - Answers -a. Often results in a less than 5% increase in
athletic performance
Which one of the following statements about benzodiazepines is correct?
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