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Criminology Exam 2 Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam 2 Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam 2 Questions andAnswers
Robert Merton - Answer-Strain Theory
Strain Theory - Answer-the real problem is created by a social structure that holds out
the same goals to all its members without giving them equal means to attain them. (can
cause norms to break down)
Messner & Rosenfeld - Answer-The American Dream
"Institutional Anomie (strain) Theory - Answer-Dominance of economic institutions
manifests itself in 3 ways:
-Devaluation of noneconomic role and functions
-Accommodation of other institutions to economic needs
-Penetration of economic norms
Agnew - Answer-General Strain Theory
"General Strain Theory" - Answer-~The anger and frustrations that results when an
individual is treated in a way he or she does not want to be treated in a social
relationship bring upon criminal behavior
~Strain producing events:
-By failure to achieve positively valued goals
-The removal of positively valued stimuli for an individual
-The presentation of negative stimuli
Park & Burgess - Answer-Social disorganization
Shaw & McKay - Answer-Social Disorganization Theory
"Social Disorganization Theory" - Answer-the crucial factor was not ethnicity but, rather,
the position of the group in terms of economic status and cultural values & "Cultural
Transmission"
Sutherland - Answer-Differential Association Theory
9 propositions - Answer--Criminal behavior is learned
-Learning in interaction with other persons in a process of communication
-Occurs within intimate personal groups
-Learning includes: (a)Techniques of committing the crime (b)Specific direction of
motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes
-Specific direction of motives and drives is learned
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