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Opt 6180 Dyslipidemia and Diabetes questions with correct answers.
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Opt 6180 Dyslipidemia and Diabetes questions with correct answers.
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Opt 6180 Dyslipidemia and Diabetes questions withcorrect answers
What are the three sources of cholesterol utilized by the liver? Correct
Answer-From dietary intake, biosynthesis from acetyl CoA, LDL from
endocytosis through LDL receptor.
What are the two sources of triglycerides utilized by the liver? Correct
Answer-From the blood via chylomicrons, from lipolysis in adipose
tissue.
Describe the formation of VLDLs and their cycle within the GI tract.
Correct Answer-Created within the golgi of hepatocytes from
triglycerides, protein, and cholesterol. Secreted into blood, accept apo
protein C and E from HDLs. Can give a TG to adipose cells and
becomes IDL or LDL. Returns apo proteins to HDL. LDL can either
stick inside a vessel (plaque formation), be incorporated into a cell
membrane, or be taken back up by the liver.
What is considered a high total cholesterol level and a high TG level?
Correct Answer-Total cholesterol >240 mg/dL and TG > 200 mg/dL.
Lovastatin Correct Answer-Competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA
Reductase. Mech: inhibits sterol synthesis. Increases LDL receptors,
removing more from plasma. Reduces prenylation of Rho and Rab
(reduces MI and stroke risk). Tx: hyperlipidemia.
, Simvastatin Correct Answer-Competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA
Reductase. Mech: inhibits sterol synthesis. Increases LDL receptors,
removing more from plasma. Reduces prenylation of Rho and Rab
(reduces MI and stroke risk). Tx: hyperlipidemia.
Rosuvastatin (Crestor) Correct Answer-Competitive inhibitor of HMG-
CoA Reductase. Mech: inhibits sterol synthesis. Increases LDL
receptors, removing more from plasma. Reduces prenylation of Rho and
Rab (reduces MI and stroke risk). Tx: hyperlipidemia.
Describe the toxicity of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)?
Correct Answer-Rhabdomyolysis (muscle wasting) and muscle pain.
Elevated liver enzymes. Malaise, anorexia, dramatic decrease in LDL.
Teratogenic!
What are the contraindications for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
(statins)? Correct Answer-Amiodarone, Verapamil, and pregnancy
Niacin Correct Answer-Mech: Inhibits VLDL secretion by the liver,
resulting in reduced LDL production. Reduces TG plasma levels by
causing them to be excreted in stool. Decreased catabolism of HDL (the
good cholesterol). Tox: flushing, reversible toxic amblyopia. Tx:
hyperlipidemia.
Gemfibrozil Correct Answer-Fibrate. Mech: Binds to PPAR-alpha,
causing up regulation of LPL, resulting in oxidation of fatty acids.
Decreases VLDL levels. Tox: cholesterol gallstones. Contra: Coumarin.
Tx: hyperlipidemia.
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