RNSG 1430 -Exam 1 Student Blueprint
What are the categories for pain? - ✔️✔️Pain is categorized by duration (acute or
chronic) or by origin (nociceptive or neuropathic) Pain can also be described by
duration, localization, source, transmission, etiology. DDD is example of neuropathic
pain.
What are negative consequences of chronic pain?` - ✔️✔️Depression (negative
mood/affect), tissue damage, disturbed sleep patterns, changes in nutrition (loss of
appetite or binge eating[1] ), decline in cognitive process, impaired mobility, accidental
drug overdose or addiction, developmental issues if pain starts in youth, cardiovascular
issues.
What are antecedents to comfort? - ✔️✔️Antecedents: effective circulatory system,
ability to distinguish comfort and discomfort, intact neurological/sensory system.
What are attributes of comfort? - ✔️✔️Attributes: Zero pain, being comfortable, relaxed
body posture/facial expressions, vital signs WNL
What conditions which place a patient at risk for impaired comfort? - ✔️✔️Pain
experience: Age, decreased mobility, surgery/procedures, functional ability,
Mood/Affect, cognitive function, anxiety/fear, culture, and prior experiences.
Procedural pain: Wound dressing changes, physical therapy and post-operative pain.
Best to administer pain meds prior to interventions.
What is the definition of comfort? - ✔️✔️Comfort is a state of physical ease.
What medications are effective for treating neuropathic pain? - ✔️✔️NSAIDs
(ibuprofen, naproxen), acetaminophen, aspirin, Adjuvant drugs like antidepressants
(nortriptyline, duloxetine), anticonvulsants (gabapentin)
What is nociceptive pain? - ✔️✔️Nociceptive pain is due to tissue damage and can be
somatic or visceral.
What types of nociceptive pain exist? - ✔️✔️Somatic: bones, joints, skin, and muscle
pain. Described as[1] throbbing, aching, sharp and can be well localized. Ex: breaking a
bone/joint damage, cuts, burns, pulled muscle, etc.
Visceral: is deep in organs of the thorax, abdomen, and cranium. Described as sharp,
stabbing, throbbing, not well localized. Ex: bladder distention (stretching),
obstruction/inflammation in hollow organs (GI tract, IBS, Crohn's disease) like severe
constipation, menstrual cramps.
, What are examples of non-pharmacological pain interventions? - ✔️✔️Acupuncture,
chiropractic manipulation, hot/cold compress, relaxation (breathing techniques,
massage, music), distraction, laughter, yoga, and TENS unit.
How should acute post op pain be assessed and managed? - ✔️✔️Assess patient
every 15 mins for 1st hour, every 30 mins for next 2hrs and q4h for 24 hrs
Assess Vitals, Airway (Respiratory Function), Cardiovascular function (shock,
hemorrhaging, hypo/hypertension), Level of consciousness (responsiveness), Skin
color/integrity.
Assess Pain and administer prescribed analgesics ATC (around the clock) if possible.
Reassess patients' pain level 30 mins after taking the drug. If patient has PCA pump try
to slowly wean them off and get them to take oral pain meds.
What are examples of neuropathic pain? - ✔️✔️Phantom leg pain (peripheral), pain
from spinal cord injury (central), diabetic neuropathy, Trigeminal neuralgia, Postherpetic
neuralgia, causalgia, fibromyalgia
What are some collaborative therapies for osteoarthritis? - ✔️✔️Work with physicians
and other advanced practice professionals, physical therapists, and other health care
professionals to maintain joint mobility.
Patient education is directed to the patient's mastery of an exercise (i.e. Tai Chi, yoga,
weight-bearing) and care programs (i.e. P.T.; O.T.), which fosters tissue repair and
maximal independence in ADLs.
What are common Postoperative Pain Management Medication Effects? - ✔️✔️● Poor
respiratory function
● Nausea and/or vomiting
● Constipation
● Urinary retention
● Drowsiness
● Impaired cognition
What is the subjective experience of acute pain? - ✔️✔️Acute pain is the state in which
an individual experiences and reports the presence of severe discomfort lasting from 1
second to less than 6 months.
Patient must report or demonstrate signs of discomfort, including, but not limited to:
● Nausea and/or vomiting
● Itching
● Crying
● Moaning
Facial mask of pain or guarded position[1]
