Exam (elaborations)
Edexcel A-Level History- South Africa Unit 2 Exam |Questions with answers |Verified Solutions
- Course
- Institution
Edexcel A-Level History- South Africa Unit 2 Exam |Questions with answers |Verified Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
Edexcel A-Level History- South Africa Unit 2 Exam|Questions with answers |Verified Solutions
Why was there a move to armed struggle? - ✔✔Sharpville massacre, government repression,
peaceful tactics not working any longer- leading to the creation of MK in 1961, PAC had already
created Poqo whose activities were more militant
Why was peaceful protest failing? - ✔✔non-violent mass demonstrations were realised by
leaders to never work in the future, arrests for pass burning were suspended and people had to
reapply for them or they wouldn't get pensions
The Final Peaceful Protest, May 1961 - ✔✔failed, government mobilised the army and police
ready for insurrection, PAC refused to join because it was multi-racial, poor response,
convinced leaders that peaceful protest had had its day
Why was there greater militancy among activists? - ✔✔frustrated with peaceful tactics,
violence was used in rural areas (needed to give more support to these areas in the light of
government suppression), caught up with demands of their supporters, formation of an armed
wing could assist in rural areas more easily
Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) - ✔✔1961, Mandela, intended to commit acts of sabotage on
property e.g. government buildings and avoid loss of life, train volunteers in guerilla warfare
and make government impossible, independent from the ANC and other groups who were
outlawed also joined
Covenant Day Campaign, 1961 - ✔✔bombings in government buildings in Durban and Port
Elizabeth including an electricity substation, 200 attacks took place over the next 8 months
African Resistance Movement (ARM) - ✔✔armed wing of the White Liberal Party who
worked radically to abolish apartheid, arrested for sabotage but had more lenient sentences,
John Harris was executed in 1965 for bombing a Johannesburg station
, Poqo - ✔✔militant wing of the PAC, most violent of all the armed movements, used methods
of terror and intimidation and targeted whites, launched an attack in Paarl with axes and home
made weapons and killed 2 young whites
What lead up to the Rivonia Trial, 1963? - ✔✔security forces raided the farm in Rivonia
where outlawed organisations were based, found MK operatives, caches of weapons and 250
incriminating documents
What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial, 1963? - ✔✔the defendents were conclusively
guilty, discovered plans relating to guerilla attacks, little point in arguing against the charges but
could use an open court to justify the cause, 4 hour speech justified the struggle against
apartheid
What was the verdict of the Rivonia Trial? - ✔✔no question of their guilt, life sentences
without parole to avoid them becoming martyrs, hoped they would be forgotten about
What was the international response to the Rivonia Trial? - ✔✔attracted worldwide
attention, UN called for defendants to be released, 50 British MPs led a protest in London,
widespread protest and sanctions in later year
What happened to the AAM after the Rivonia Trial? - ✔✔all principal ANC and PAC leaders
were arrested, activities diminished, government were successful in efforts to stifle protest and
revolt, anti-apartheid organisations were still planning for future conflict
What was the impact of defeat on the ANC? - ✔✔structures were destroyed and Luthuli was
under house arrest and out of contact, Tambo and Slovo went into exile in sympathetic African
countries and underwent military training, desire to implement guerilla warfare but it was
difficult, there were no MK attacks between 1963-1970
ANC's alliance with ZAPU, 1967 - ✔✔fighting to destroy white supremacist regime in
Rhodesia, good publicity, little military success, combat experience, no impact on the capacity
of the ANC to extend it's struggle
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Examsplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80467 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
