Exam (elaborations)
Block 4 Nephrology
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Exam of 43 pages for the course oil burner at oil burner (Block 4 Nephrology)
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Block 4 Nephrology & ECG: PracticeQuestions TEST + Mark Scheme UPDATED
2024/2025 NEWEST!!
Which of the following laboratory findings is typically associated with
AKI?
A) Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
B) Decreased white blood cell count
C) Low serum potassium levels
D) Elevated hemoglobin levels
a
A 68-year-old patient with a history of heart failure presents with
oliguria, elevated BUN and creatinine levels, and muddy brown granular
casts in the urine. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephrotic syndrome
,B) Post-renal obstruction
C) Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
D) Diabetic nephropathy
c
What is the primary management approach for ATN?
A) Administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
B) Hemodialysis
C) Steroid therapy
D) Antibiotic treatment
b
What is the most common cause of Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN)?
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Hypertension
C) Allergic reaction to medications
D) Polycystic kidney disease
c
,A 42-year-old patient presents with fever, rash, and eosinophilia, along
with an elevated creatinine level. Which condition is most likely to be
causing the renal impairment?
A) Glomerulonephritis
B) Diabetic nephropathy
C) Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN)
D) Nephrotic syndrome
c
Which diagnostic test the gold standard to diagnose AIN and
distinguishing it from other renal conditions?
A) Serum creatinine measurement
B) Renal ultrasound
C) Kidney biopsy
D) Urinalysis
c
In drug-induced AIN, which of the following medications is a common
offender?
A) Diuretics
B) Anticoagulants
, C) Oral contraceptives
D) Anti-seizure medications
a
In AIN, what type of inflammatory cells are typically infiltrating the
interstitial tissue of the kidney?
A) Lymphocytes and eosinophils
B) Neutrophils and macrophages
C) Red blood cells and platelets
D) Epithelial cells and glomerular cells
a
Which of the following is the recommended initial treatment for
persistent AIN caused by drug hypersensitivity?
A) Steroid therapy
B) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
C) Blood pressure control
D) Dietary restrictions
a
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