Exam (elaborations)
BSNC 5000 – Pediatrics questions with correct answers
- Course
- Institution
BSNC 5000 – Pediatrics questions with correct answers
[Show more]
Content preview
BSNC 5000 – Pediatrics questions with correctanswers
Differences in Neurological System Correct Answer-Infants
- immature nerve myelination (lower pain threshold)
- underdeveloped peripheral nervous system (poor thermoregulation,
gross motor movements)
Children:
- cognitive and psychological development varies with age (impact on
the strategies used to evaluate and manage neurology)
Differences in HEENT Correct Answer-Infants:
- infants and small children have smaller airways (Minor injuries and
slight swelling can rapidly compromise their ability to breath.)
- newborns have 2 fontanels. The anterior closes at 10-16 months, and
the posterior closes at birth-3 months (gives them an additional means
for compensating in the event of increased intracranial pressure)
Children:
- young children have relatively large heads and underdeveloped
musculature (sustain higher proportions of isolated head injuries than
older children and obtain more upper C-spine region injuries)
- under the age of 8 they are susceptible to spinal cord injury without
radiological abnormality (SCIWORA)
,Differences in Respiratory System Correct Answer-Infants:
- Infants < 6 months are obligate nose breathers (respiratory distress if
object in nose)
- Higher oxygen requirements and smaller respiratory reserve (more
prone to desaturation)
Children:
- Smaller airways and lung volumes (increased resistance to airflow and
risk of obstruction)
- Limited energy reserves (RR is high which leads to fatigued chest wall
musculature and diaphragm)
- Immature development of respiratory musculature and compliant rib
structure (compliant ribs can cause chest wall to collapse and w/
increasing effort and ventilation can become compromised)
Differences in Cardiovascular System Correct Answer-CO = HRXSV
Infants:
Children:
- Circulating blood volume is relatively larger and muscle mass of heart
is immature (small blood losses can have a greater impact and they
cannot increase stroke volume to increase cardiac output; they can only
increase their heart rate)
- SV is lower in children so they compensate by increasing HR (when
they begin to decompensate they cannot sustain their cardiac output at a
level that maintains their cardiovascular functioning and deteriorate
quickly) *low BP is a sign of decompensation
,Differences in Gastrointestinal System Correct Answer-Children:
- children have smaller stomachs their stomach empties faster, and their
small intestine is proportionately longer than that of an adult ( secrete
proportionately more fluids & electrolytes into the intestine than adults
do so when they have a GI illness they are prone to severe fluid &
electrolyte depletion due to the increase % of their body composition
being water)
- the liver in children is immature (they are unable to reabsorb amino
acids and hold onto fluids so they are at an increase risk for dehydration)
Differences in Genital-Urinary System Correct Answer-Infants:
- infants have immature kidneys until 12 months of age and have a
decreased ability to concentrate urine (heightened risk for severe
dehydration)
Differences in Muscle-Skeletal System Correct Answer-Infants:
Children:
- bones are more elastic, bones bend more easily resulting in greenstick
fractures, and faster bone healing unless break is in epiphyseal plates
which can cause impact on bone growth
- liver and spleen are less protected by the rib cage and are thus at
greater risk from blunt abdominal trauma
Differences in Skin Correct Answer-Infants
, - acrocrocyanosis is normal (blood and oxygen are circulating to more
important areas of the body)
Children:
- larger surface area / volume ratio (greater risk of hypothermia after
trauma)
Assessment techniques needed in pediatrics Correct Answer-- use warm
hands and stethoscope
- use play strategies
- don't forget about modesty
- simple language to prevent confusion
- be honest
- include families as it allows children to trust you
- child life specialist can help engage the child
- smile.
Role of a pediatric nurse Correct Answer-- therapeutic relationship
- family advocacy and caring
- disease prevention and health promotion
- health teaching and educator
- support counselling
- coordination and collaboration
- ethical decision making
- research
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller cracker. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
71498 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now